{"id":3461,"date":"2020-10-09T06:28:21","date_gmt":"2020-10-09T04:28:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.portail-esclavage-reunion.fr\/?post_type=documentaire&p=3461"},"modified":"2020-10-09T08:57:38","modified_gmt":"2020-10-09T06:57:38","slug":"chronology-of-abolitions","status":"publish","type":"documentaire","link":"https:\/\/www.portail-esclavage-reunion.fr\/en\/documentaires\/abolition-slavery\/chronology-of-abolitions\/","title":{"rendered":"Chronology of abolitions"},"content":{"rendered":"

1688, PENNSYLVANIA<\/strong>
\nThe Quaker community protested against buying and keeping slaves.<\/p>\n

18th century<\/h3>\n

1777-1784, UNITED STATES<\/strong>
\nAbolition of slavery in Vermont, Massachusetts and New Hampshire; the progressive abolition of slavery in Pennsylvania, Rhode Island and Connecticut.<\/p>\n

1783, GREAT BRITAIN<\/strong>
\nCreation of the Society for the Abolition of Slave Trading.<\/p>\n

1788, FEBRUARY 9th, FRANCE<\/strong>
\nFirst meeting of the Society of the Friends of the Blacks.<\/p>\n

1789, AUGUST 26th, FRANCE<\/strong>
\nVote on the Declaration of Human Rights.<\/p>\n

1789, AUGUST 31st, MARTINIQUE<\/strong>
\nFirst slave uprising during the French Revolution.<\/p>\n

1790, OCTOBER 12th, FRANCE<\/strong>
\nDecree of the National Constituent Assembly, dissolving the colonial assembly of Saint-Domingue and reaffirming the legitimacy of slavery.<\/p>\n

1791, MAY 15th, FRANCE<\/strong>
\nDecree on the rights of Freedmen of colour born of free parents.<\/p>\n

1791, AUGUST 22nd, SAINT-DOMINGUE<\/strong>
\nA slave uprising began in the northern part of the island.<\/p>\n

1791, SEPTEMBER 24th, FRANCE<\/strong>
\nThe National Constituent Assembly reconsidered the rights granted to men of colour in the colonies and entrusts local authorities with the task of legislating on the status of non-free people.<\/p>\n

1791, SEPTEMBER 28th, FRANCE<\/strong>
\nDecree of the National Constituent Assembly, declaring that every man is free across Mainland France and that, whatever his colour, will benefit from all citizens\u2019 rights according to the constitution.<\/p>\n

1792, MARCH 16th, DENMARK<\/strong>
\nProhibition of slave trading on Danish vessels; the country gave itself a transitional period of ten years to finally stop all trafficking.<\/p>\n

1792, MARCH 28th, FRANCE<\/strong>
\nDecree of the Legislative Assembly, approved by the King on April 4th, granting equal political rights to men of colour and Free Blacks in the West Indies.<\/p>\n

1792, AUGUST 11th, FRANCE<\/strong>
\nDecree of the National Legislative Assembly, which abolished the slave bounties which had been in place to encourage trafficking since 1784. This decision was ratified in 1793 by the Convention.<\/p>\n

1793, August 29th, SEPTEMBER 21st and 27th, SAINT-DOMINGUE<\/strong>
\nAbolition of slavery by civil commissioners Sonthonax and Polverel.<\/p>\n

1794, FEBRUARY 4th (16 PLUVI\u00d4SE YEAR II), FRANCE<\/strong>
\nDecree abolishing slavery in the French colonies. Measures to apply this decree were decided by the committees of Public Safety and the Colonies. This decree became unofficially recognised in the Mascarene Islands on September 6th 1794 and officially validated the following year. However, it remained unenforced for some time, for it was only the trading of slaves that was banned by the Colonial Assembly of Reunion Island on August 8th, 1794.<\/p>\n

1794, MARCH, MARTINIQUE<\/strong>
\nOccupied by the British; the abolition decree was not applied.<\/p>\n

1794, APRIL, GUADELOUPE<\/strong>
\nOccupied by the British, Guadeloupe was liberated after several months of fighting, and the abolition decree was duly applied there.<\/p>\n

1794, SEPTEMBER 6th, REUNION ISLAND<\/strong>
\nthe Colonial Assembly refused to apply the decree to abolish slavery.<\/p>\n

1795, AUGUST 22nd (5 FRUCTIDOR YEAR III), FRANCE<\/strong>
\nArticle 15 of the preliminary declaration of the constitution declared that no man can be for sale or sold because his person is not alienable property.<\/p>\n

1796, FEBRUARY 7th, REUNION ISLAND<\/strong>
\nThe Colonial Assembly declared that the decree of abolition was untenable in the colony.<\/p>\n

1796, JUNE, ISLE DE FRANCE (Mauritius)<\/strong>
\nCommissioners in charge of enforcing the abolition decree were expelled.<\/p>\n

1799, DECEMBER 13th (22 FRIMAIRE YEAR VIII), FRANCE<\/strong>
\nThe new constitution did not further any provisions governing slavery listed in the previous constitution.<\/p>\n

19th century<\/h3>\n

1802, MAY 20th (30 FLOR\u00c9AL YEAR X), FRANCE<\/strong>
\nDecree confirming the continuation of slavery according to the laws prior to 1789 in all French colonies where it had not been abolished, leaving it to local authorities to re-establish slavery in the French colonies where it had been abolished, thus re-establishing the slave trade across all French colonies. The decree arrived in Reunion Island on November 6th, 1802 (15 BRUMAIRE YEAR XI).<\/p>\n

1802, JULY 2nd (13 MESSIDOR YEAR X), FRANCE<\/strong>
\nDecree forbidding all Blacks, mulattos or other people of colour from entering Mainland France, under penalty of deportation (unless in the service of a master), and forbidding any foreigners from bringing any Blacks, mulattos or people of colour into Mainland France. This ban was lifted on August 5th, 1818.<\/p>\n

1802, JULY AND NOVEMBER, GUADELOUPE AND GUYANA<\/strong>
\nRe-establishment of slavery.<\/p>\n

1802, SEPTEMBER 28th (6 SEPTEMBER YEAR XI), REUNION ISLAND<\/strong>
\nRe-establishment of the slave trade as before 1789.<\/p>\n

1803, CANADA<\/strong>
\nSlave trading was abolished.<\/p>\n

1803, FEBRUARY-MARCH, REUNION ISLAND<\/strong>
\nDecree of the Colonial Assembly, declaring that it would never accept the 1794 Decree of Abolition.<\/p>\n

1804, JANUARY, SAINT-DOMINGUE<\/strong>
\nProclamation of the independence of Saint-Domingue, which became Haiti.<\/p>\n

1805, OCTOBER 23rd (BRUMAIRE YEAR XIV), ISLE DE FRANCE AND REUNION ISLAND<\/strong>
\nAn additional decree to the French Civil Code, adapting Napoleonic legislation to the existence of slavery and the presence of Freedmen of colour.<\/p>\n

1806<\/strong>
\nThe British took definitive possession of the Dutch colony of the Cape of Good Hope.<\/p>\n

1806, JUNE 10th, GREAT BRITAIN<\/strong>
\nThe House of Commons decreed the principle of abolishing the slave trade.<\/p>\n

1807, SWEDEN<\/strong>
\nProhibition of the slave trade on its vessels.<\/p>\n

1807, MARCH 2nd, UNITED STATES<\/strong>
\nAct to abolish the slave trade from January 1st, 1808.<\/p>\n

1807, MARCH 25th, GREAT BRITAIN<\/strong>
\nA Parliamentary resolution on the abolition of slave trading for all its colonies; this resolution became law from January 1st, 1808. Slaves freed from illegal slave traders were required to serve a three-year apprenticeship.<\/p>\n

1810<\/strong>
\nThe British took over Reunion Island and Isle de France (Mauritius).<\/p>\n

1811, SEPTEMBER, MARTINIQUE<\/strong>
\nSlave uprising.<\/p>\n

1811, NOVEMBER, BOURBON<\/strong>
\nThe slave revolt in Saint-Leu.<\/p>\n

1812, January 1st, MAURITIUS<\/strong>
\nProhibition of slave trading in Mauritius, under the Act of May 14th, 1811, extending British legislation to Mauritius – this was never published nor registered on Bourbon Island.<\/p>\n

1814, MAY 30th – JUNE 8th, FRANCE<\/strong>
\nTreaty of Paris. In an additional clause, France undertook to work alongside Great Britain in ensuring that the slave trade be officially abolished by all Christian countries, promising to apply this across all its territories within five years.<\/p>\n

1815, FEBRUARY 8th, VIENNA<\/strong>
\nThe treaty of Vienna saw a joint declaration to ban the slave trade, signed by the participating powers: Great Britain, France, Austria, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Prussia and Russia. However, each country nevertheless reserved the right to choose the most favourable moment to apply this prohibition.<\/p>\n

1815, MARCH 29th, FRANCE<\/strong>
\nNapoleon issued a decree abolishing the trade and prohibiting the sale of slaves, whether French or foreign, across all French colonies, under penalty of confiscation of the ship and its cargo.<\/p>\n

1815, APRIL 6th, BOURBON ISLAND<\/strong>
\nA decision came from the island\u2019s new French authorities to provisionally maintain all laws and regulations governing the island, except laws governing the slave trade, which were all immediately overturned.<\/p>\n

1815, NOVEMBER 20th, FRANCE<\/strong>
\nIn an additional clause to the peace treaty, contracting parties (including France) undertook to put an end to the slave trade as quickly as possible. However, in 1822, France refused to sign a convention equating the slave trade with piracy.<\/p>\n

1817, JANUARY 8th, FRANCE<\/strong>
\nA royal ordinance prohibited the slave trade. Enacted on Bourbon Island on July 26th, 1817, it was finally ratified by the law of April 15th, 1818.<\/p>\n

1818<\/strong>
\nThe Portuguese, Spanish and Dutch all condemned the slave trade, agreeing with Great Britain to outlaw it from May 30th, 1820.<\/p>\n

1820<\/strong>
\nUS Congress equated the slave trade with piracy, applying the death penalty to all those found guilty.<\/p>\n

1821, PERU<\/strong>
\nA law was introduced to prohibit the slave trade and to progressively abolish slavery.<\/p>\n

1821, FRANCE<\/strong>
\nFoundation of the Society of Christian Morality which called for a definitive prohibition of the slave trade.<\/p>\n

1822<\/strong>
\nGreat Britain signed an agreement with the Iman of Muscat to fight the slave trade; this agreement was renewed in 1839 and 1845.<\/p>\n

1822, MARTINIQUE<\/strong>
\nSlave uprising.<\/p>\n

1823, CHILE<\/strong>
\nAbolition of slavery.<\/p>\n

1823, GREAT BRITAIN<\/strong>
\nCreation of the Society for the Mitigation and Gradual Abolition of Slavery.<\/p>\n

1823, MAY, GREAT BRITAIN
\n<\/strong>Parliament voted a resolution condemning slavery.<\/p>\n

1824, MAURITIUS
\n<\/strong>Strengthening of legislation against illegal slave trading.<\/p>\n

1824, MARCH 30th 1824, BOURBON<\/strong>
\nA new ordinance governing prisons and the imprisonment of slaves.<\/p>\n

1825, MEXICO<\/strong>
\nAbolition of slavery; this became definitive in 1829.<\/p>\n

1825, AUGUST 3rd, FRANCE<\/strong>
\nA royal decree granted a bounty of one hundred francs for every slave following the capture of slave ships.<\/p>\n

1825, SEPTEMBER 27th, BOURBON<\/strong>
\nA new ordinance stated that no master may inflict no greater punishment on their slaves than thirty lashes of the whip.<\/p>\n

1826-1828, MAURITIUS<\/strong>
\nParliamentary Inquiry into the slave trade by Cole-Brooke and Blair (report of March 12th, 1828).<\/p>\n

1827, APRIL 25th, FRANCE<\/strong>
\nLaw reinforcing legislation against slave trading: all shareholders and accomplices in slave trading were liable to banishment; the fine was equivalent to the value of the ship; crew members would incur from three months to five years in prison – enacted in Bourbon on December 24th, 1827.<\/p>\n

1829, MARCH 29th, MAURITIUS
\n<\/strong>a slave protector was officially appointed.<\/p>\n

1830, URUGUAY<\/strong>
\nabolition of slavery.<\/p>\n

1830, SEPTEMBER 7th, FRANCE<\/strong>
\nA royal ordinance on the civil status of coloured freemen – enacted in Bourbon on March 26th, 1831.<\/p>\n

1831, BOLIVIA<\/strong>
\nabolition of slavery.<\/p>\n

1831, GREAT BRITAIN<\/strong>
\nemancipation of all slaves belonging to the Crown.<\/p>\n

1831, FEBRUARY 24th, FRANCE<\/strong>
\nA royal ordinance abolished all provisions restricting the civil rights of Freedmen people of colour – enacted in Bourbon on August 4th, 1831.<\/p>\n

1831, MARCH 1st, FRANCE<\/strong>
\nlaw abolishing taxes paid to the Treasury for the emancipation of a slave – enacted in Bourbon on August 3rd, 1831.<\/p>\n

1831, MARCH 4th, FRANCE<\/strong>
\nA law was enforced that defined slave trading as a crime, applying greater penalties for those convicted of trafficking (forced labour for ship owners and captains, seizure and sale of the ship and its cargo, six months to five years’ imprisonment for buyers) and a commitment from the government to emancipate all black slaves within seven years – enacted in Bourbon on July 26th, 1831.<\/p>\n

1831, MAY 15th, BOURBON<\/strong>
\nFoundation of the Association of French Creoles, who advocated the independence of Bourbon Island in the event of the abolition of slavery.<\/p>\n

1831, NOVEMBER 30th, FRANCE<\/strong>
\nAgreement signed between France and Great Britain, seeking to stamp out the trafficking of black slaves; both countries granted reciprocal rights to visit each other\u2019s ships.<\/p>\n

1831, DECEMBER 25th, ENGLISH COLONY OF JAMAICA<\/strong>
\nbeginning of the slave uprising.<\/p>\n

1832, BOURBON<\/strong>
\nLast conviction for slave trafficking.<\/p>\n

1832, JULY 12th, FRANCE<\/strong>
\nA law granted freedom to slaves whose masters had not paid the tax or obtained authorisation for emancipation from the authorities – enacted in Bourbon on January 18th, 1833.<\/p>\n

1832-1835, BOURBON<\/strong>
\nThe illegal trade persisted, and around 4,500 further slaves were brought onto the island.<\/p>\n

1833, MARCH 22nd, FRANCE<\/strong>
\nAn agreement was signed between France and Great Britain on the suppression of slave trafficking, including an annex listing instructions to be given to ships; this agreement and that of November 30th, 1831 were published in France by decree on August 30th 1833, and enacted in Bourbon on February 11th, 1834.<\/p>\n

1833, APRIL 24th, FRANCE<\/strong>
\nLaw granting all Freedmen the enjoyment of political rights – enacted in Bourbon on 24th August, 1833.<\/p>\n

1833, APRIL 30th, FRANCE<\/strong>
\nRoyal ordinance concerning abolition in the French colonies, specifically for penalties related to branding and mutilation – enacted in Bourbon on 13th October, 1833.<\/p>\n

1833, AUGUST 4th, FRANCE<\/strong>
\nOrdinance prescribing annual censuses of slaves, with the obligation to declare births, marriages and deaths – enacted in Bourbon on 21st December, 1833.<\/p>\n

1833, AUGUST 28th, GREAT BRITAIN<\/strong>
\nThe Abolition Act was enacted across the nineteen British colonies of the New World (British West Indies, British Guyana, British Honduras, Mauritius), including approximately 800,000 slaves (compared to 250,000 for the French colonies); abolition took immediate effect on August 1st 1834 (but former slaves had to remain with their masters for a further seven years of unpaid apprenticeship, except for those under six and over sixty years of age). A compensation of five hundred million francs was paid to former owners. The areas concerned around the Indian Ocean were Mauritius and the Cape of Good Hope. The law was ratified by the King of England on 28th August, 1833.<\/p>\n

1834, FRANCE<\/strong>
\nFoundation of the French Society for the Abolition of Slavery.<\/p>\n

1835, MAURITIUS<\/strong>
\nProclamation in Mauritius of the Slave Emancipation Bill.<\/p>\n

1835, JUNE 28th, SPAIN<\/strong>
\nConvention with Great Britain for the suppression of the slave trade.<\/p>\n

1836, APRIL 29th, FRANCE<\/strong>
\nRoyal decree on the automatic emancipation of slaves brought from the colonies to France – enacted in Bourbon on 6th September, 1836.<\/p>\n

1836, DECEMBER, PORTUGAL<\/strong>
\nThe slave trade was prohibited in Portuguese colonies and vessels flying the Portuguese flag; the decree was not published in Mozambique.<\/p>\n

1838, FEBRUARY 10th, FRANCE<\/strong>
\nHippolyte Passy’s project on the progressive emancipation of slaves was submitted.<\/p>\n

1838, AUGUST 1st, GREAT BRITAIN<\/strong>
\nAct abolishing the compulsory apprenticeship for former slaves in British colonies.<\/p>\n

1839, MARCH 11th, MAURITIUS<\/strong>
\nThe definitive abolition of slavery (abolition of the apprenticeship system).<\/p>\n

1839, JUNE 7th, FRANCE<\/strong>
\nMr de Tracy’s project on the progressive emancipation of slaves was submitted.<\/p>\n

1839, JUNE 11th, FRANCE<\/strong>
\nOrdinance on the emancipation of slaves – enacted in Bourbon on 6th November, 1839.<\/p>\n

1839, JUNE 11th, FRANCE<\/strong>
\nOrdinance on the census of slaves – enacted in Bourbon on 9th December, 1839.<\/p>\n

1839, JULY 23rd, FRANCE<\/strong>
\nSubmission of the report of the committee of the Chamber of Deputies responsible for dealing with the question of abolition; Charles Alexis de Tocqueville was the rapporteur.<\/p>\n

1839, DECEMBER 3rd<\/strong>
\nPapal bull of Pope Gregory XVI condemning slavery.<\/p>\n

1840, JANUARY 5th, FRANCE<\/strong>
\nRoyal decree providing for weekly religious instruction for child slaves, for the clergy to visit their parish houses once a month and for the prosecutors to visit the houses – enacted in Bourbon on June 9th, 1840.<\/p>\n

1840, MAY 26th, FRANCE<\/strong>
\nBy royal decision, a new commission was created, chaired by the Duke de Broglie, dealing with the abolition of slavery. It delivered its report in March 1843.<\/p>\n

1841, SEPTEMBER 16th, FRANCE<\/strong>
\nRoyal ordinance on the imprisonment of slaves – enacted in Bourbon on March 24th, 1842.<\/p>\n

1842, PARAGUAY<\/strong>
\nLaw for the progressive abolition of slavery.<\/p>\n

1843, INDIA<\/strong>
\nAbolition of slavery for future coming generations, but slaves were not freed.<\/p>\n

1845, SPAIN<\/strong>
\nLaw for the abolition and repression of the slave trade.<\/p>\n

1845, MAY 29th, FRANCE AND GREAT BRITAIN<\/strong>
\nAgreement signed between the two countries, providing for twenty-six French ships and as many British ships to monitor the western coasts of Africa; it was deemed necessary for British ships to monitor the eastern coast of Africa. This agreement was published in France by the ordinance of 28th January 1846 (enacted in Bourbon on 27th March 1846) and followed by a joint declaration by France and Great Britain published on 27th March, 1847.<\/p>\n

1845, JULY 18th, FRANCE<\/strong>
\nLaw and ordinances passed by which the king modified many aspects of the daily life of slaves: instruction, punishment, food and maintenance, housing, clothing, care for the sick. The legal capital and the forced repurchase were enacted in Bourbon on 30th December 1845.<\/p>\n

1845, JULY 19th, FRANCE<\/strong>
\nLaw on the introduction of European farmers into the colonies.<\/p>\n

1846, SWEDEN<\/strong>
\nProgressive repurchase by the government of slaves from the colony of Saint-Barth\u00e9lemy.<\/p>\n

1846, TUNISIA<\/strong>
\nAbolition of slavery.<\/p>\n

1846-1848, DENMARK<\/strong>
\nAbolition of slavery in the Virgin Islands (St. Croix, St. John, St. Thomas).<\/p>\n

1846, MAY 18th, FRANCE<\/strong>
\nOrdinance on the moral and religious state of slaves – enacted in Bourbon on 7th October, 1846.<\/p>\n

1846, JUNE 4th, FRANCE<\/strong>
\nOrdinance on the disciplinary regime of slaves – enacted in Bourbon on 7th October, 1846.<\/p>\n

1846, JUNE 5th, FRANCE<\/strong>
\nOrdinance on the food and maintenance of slaves – enacted in Bourbon on 7th October 1846.<\/p>\n

1846, JULY 21st, FRANCE<\/strong>
\nOrdinance, supplemented by that of 12th October 1847, which freed slaves belonging to the royal domain – enacted in Bourbon on 28th November 1846 and 15th April, 1848.<\/p>\n

1847<\/strong>
\nThe Ottoman Empire prohibited the trade in the Persian Gulf and closed the public slave markets in Constantinople.<\/p>\n

1847, DENMARK<\/strong>
\nAbolition of slavery across all Danish colonies (with effect from the age of twelve).<\/p>\n

1848, FEBRUARY 24th, FRANCE<\/strong>
\nAbdication of Louis-Philippe; creation of a provisional government.<\/p>\n

1848, FEBRUARY 25th, FRANCE<\/strong>
\nProclamation of the right to work.<\/p>\n

1848, FEBRUARY 26th, FRANCE<\/strong>
\nAbolition of the death penalty in political matters.<\/p>\n

1848, MARCH 2nd, FRANCE<\/strong>
\nUniversal suffrage for men aged twenty-one and over.<\/p>\n

1848, MARCH 2nd, FRANCE<\/strong>
\nDecree setting the maximum daily working time at ten hours in Paris and eleven hours in the provinces.<\/p>\n

1848, MARCH 4th, FRANCE<\/strong>
\nCreation of a commission to prepare for abolition.<\/p>\n

1848, MARCH 4th, FRANCE<\/strong>
\nDecree guaranteeing freedom of the press and freedom of assembly – extended to the colonies by the decree of 2nd May, 1848.<\/p>\n

1848, MARCH 7th, FRANCE<\/strong>
\nOrder of the provisional government, which renamed Bourbon Island \u2018Reunion Island\u2019.<\/p>\n

1848, MARCH 19th, FRANCE<\/strong>
\nAbolition of retaining any individual due to debts.<\/p>\n

1848, APRIL 12th, FRANCE<\/strong>
\nAbolition of the penalty of public exhibition.<\/p>\n

1848, APRIL 27th, FRANCE<\/strong>
\nDecree abolishing slavery, published on 2nd May, 1848.<\/p>\n

1848, MAY 4th, FRANCE<\/strong>
\nOfficial proclamation of the republic.<\/p>\n

1848, MAY 23rd, MARTINIQUE<\/strong>
\nProclamation by the governor of the abolition of slavery, before the official arrival of the decree of abolition.<\/p>\n

1848, MAY 26th, REUNION ISLAND<\/strong>
\nAnnouncement of the revolution of February 1848, known since 24th May.<\/p>\n

1848, MAY 27th, GUADELOUPE<\/strong>
\nProclamation by the governor of the abolition of slavery, before the official arrival of the abolition decree.<\/p>\n

1848, JUNE 9th, REUNION ISLAND<\/strong>
\nProclamation of the republic.<\/p>\n

1848, JUNE, ANTILLES<\/strong>
\nSlaves were freed in the Dutch colonies (Sint Maarten, Sint Eustatius, Saba); abolition was proclaimed by the governor on July 3rd, 1848.<\/p>\n

1848, JULY 16th, REUINON ISLAND<\/strong>
\nThe news finally arrived about abolition in the West Indies.<\/p>\n

1848, AUGUST 10th, GUYANA<\/strong>
\nAbolition of slavery, in application of the decree published on 10th June, 1848.<\/p>\n

1848, SEPTEMBER 9th, FRANCE<\/strong>
\nDecree extending the maximum daily working time to twelve hours.<\/p>\n

1848, OCTOBER 13th, REUNION ISLAND<\/strong>
\nThe Arrival of Commissioner General Joseph Sarda-Garriga.<\/p>\n

1848, OCTOBER 18th, REUNION ISLAND<\/strong>
\nDecree enacted announcing abolition by 20th December.<\/p>\n

1848, OCTOBER 24th, REUNION ISLAND<\/strong>
\nPublication of the decree describing compulsory labour for all future Freedmen.<\/p>\n

1848, NOVEMBER 4th, FRANCE<\/strong>
\nThe Constitution enshrined the principle of the abolition of slavery across all French territory; Article 6 stipulated that slavery may not exist on any French territory; enacted in Reunion Island on 23rd March, 1849.<\/p>\n

1848, MID-NOVEMBER-7th DECEMBER, REUNION ISLAND<\/strong>
\nSarda-Garriga’s explanatory tour of the island.<\/p>\n

1848, DECEMBER 20th, REUNION ISLAND<\/strong>
\nThe abolition of slavery<\/p>\n

1849, FEBRUARY, REUNION ISLAND<\/strong>
\nThe publication of two local decrees punishing breaches of workshop discipline and fictive employment.<\/p>\n

1849, APRIL 30th, FRANCE<\/strong>
\nLaw passed on the compensation of owners – notified in Reunion Island on 21st July 1849 and enacted on 24th October, 1849.<\/p>\n

1849, JUNE 11th, REUNION ISLAND<\/strong>
\nLocal decree regulating immigration, mainly of Indian workers.<\/p>\n

1849, OCTOBER, REUNION ISLAND<\/strong>
\nElection by universal suffrage of two representatives of the island to the National Assembly.<\/p>\n

1849, DECEMBER 6th, REUNION ISLAND<\/strong>
\nA decree instituting the compulsory renewal of indentured contracts and ensuring that all Freedmen had workers\u2019 papers.<\/p>\n

1850, VENEZUELA<\/strong>
\nAbolition of slavery.<\/p>\n

1850, MAY 4th, REUNION ISLAND<\/strong>
\nFirst Labour Day.<\/p>\n

1850, MAY 12th, REUNION ISLAND<\/strong>
\nSarda-Garriga leaves the island. His replacement, Governor Doret, was officially appointed on 15th April 1850.<\/p>\n

1850, JULY 17th, BRAZIL<\/strong>
\nProhibition of the slave trade.<\/p>\n

1851, COLOMBIA AND ECUADOR<\/strong>
\nAbolition of slavery.<\/p>\n

1852, FEBRUARY 13th, FRANCE<\/strong>
\nDecree on the repression of vagrancy and indentured labour.<\/p>\n

1852, MARCH 27th, FRANCE<\/strong>
\nDecree on immigration to the colonies.<\/p>\n

1852, APRIL, REUNION ISLAND<\/strong>
\nLocal decree abolishing exemptions from indentured labour, except for Freedmen who had become landowners.<\/p>\n

1852, DECEMBER, REUNION ISLAND<\/strong>
\nDecree subjecting the movements of Freedmen to written authorisation.<\/p>\n

1853, ARGENTINA<\/strong>
\nAbolition of slavery.<\/p>\n

1854, PERU AND VENEZUELA<\/strong>
\nAbolition of slavery.<\/p>\n

1854, MAY 3rd, FRANCE<\/strong>
\nS\u00e9natus-consulte that governed the constitutions of Martinique, Guadeloupe and Reunion Island; according to article 1, slavery could never be re-established in the French colonies.<\/p>\n

1856, JULY 5th, PORTUGUESE COLONY OF ANGOLA
\n<\/strong>Abolition of slavery in one region of the colony.<\/p>\n

1856, AUGUST 25th, PORTUGUESE COLONIES OF INDIA
\n<\/strong>Abolition of slavery.<\/p>\n

1859, MARCH 15th, REUNION ISLAND
\n<\/strong>Prohibition of African immigration.<\/p>\n

1860, JANUARY 1st, DUTCH COLONY OF MALAYSIA
\n<\/strong>Abolition of slavery.<\/p>\n

1860, JULY 25th
\n<\/strong>Signing of the Franco-British agreement authorising Indian workers to come to Reunion.<\/p>\n

1861, MARCH 19th, RUSSIA
\n<\/strong>Abolition of servitude; twenty million people were concerned.<\/p>\n

1861, JULY 1st<\/strong>
\nRenewal of the Franco-British convention on immigration; it was applied to all French colonies.<\/p>\n

1863-1865, UNITED STATES
\n<\/strong>Abolition of slavery; this was the 13th amendment to the US constitution.<\/p>\n

1863, DUTCH COLONIES<\/strong>
\nAbolition of slavery in Guyana and the Dutch Antilles (Cura\u00e7ao, Bonaire, Aruba, Saba, Sint Eustatius and the Dutch part of Sint Maarten).<\/p>\n

1869, PORTUGAL<\/strong>
\nAbolition of slavery in its colonies.<\/p>\n

1873, SPANISH COLONY OF PORTO-RICO<\/strong>
\nAbolition of slavery.<\/p>\n

1873<\/strong>
\nGreat Britain signed an agreement with the Sultan of Zanzibar to end the slave trade.<\/p>\n

1873-1874, MOZAMBIQUE<\/strong>
\nThe last known case of slave trafficking to Reunion on board the \u00c9tienne and Laurence.<\/p>\n

1878, MOZAMBIQUE<\/strong>
\nAbolition of slavery.<\/p>\n

1885, FEBRUARY 26th, BERLIN<\/strong>
\nConference bringing together Great Britain, France, Austria, Germany, Russia, Spain, Portugal, Holland, Belgium, Italy, Sweden, Denmark and the United States in order to further ways to bring an end to slavery.<\/p>\n

1886, CUBA<\/strong>
\nAbolition of slavery.<\/p>\n

1888, BRAZIL<\/strong>
\nAbolition of slavery.<\/p>\n

1890, JULY 2nd<\/strong>
\nBrussels colonial conference; condemnation of slavery.<\/p>\n

1896, SIERRA LEONE AND MADAGASCAR<\/strong>
\nAbolition of slavery.<\/p>\n

1897, ZANZIBAR<\/strong>
\nAbolition of slavery.<\/p>\n

20th century<\/h3>\n

1900, NIGERIA<\/strong>
\nAbolition of slavery in the British-run regions.<\/p>\n

1926<\/strong>
\nForty-four nations ratified the League of Nations Pact on the Suppression of the Slave Trade and the Abolition of Bonded Labour (Articles 22 and 23).<\/p>\n

1928, IRAN<\/strong>
\nAbolition of slavery.<\/p>\n

1930<\/strong>
\nForced and Compulsory Labour Convention organised by the International Labour Organisation.<\/p>\n

1942, ETHIOPIA<\/strong>
\nAbolition of slavery.<\/p>\n

1948, DECEMBER 10th<\/strong>
\nUniversal Declaration of Human Rights at the UN; Article 4 confirms the abolition of slavery.<\/p>\n

1952, QATAR<\/strong>
\nAbolition of slavery.<\/p>\n

1956<\/strong>
\nSupplementary Convention on the Abolition of Slavery at the United Nations.<\/p>\n

1962, SAUDI ARABIA<\/strong>
\nAbolition of slavery and the slave trade.<\/p>\n

1974<\/strong>
\nCreation at the UN of the Working Group on Contemporary Forms of Slavery within the framework of the Commission on Human Rights.<\/p>\n

1981, MAURITANIA<\/strong>
\nAbolition of slavery.<\/p>\n

1989, NOVEMBER<\/strong>
\nThe United Nations adopted the Convention on Children\u2019s Rights.<\/p>\n

1992<\/strong>
\nAbolition of slavery in Pakistan.<\/p>\n

1994<\/strong>
\nLaunch of the UNESCO programme \u2018The Slave Route\u2019.<\/p>\n

21th century<\/h3>\n

2000, DECEMBER<\/strong>
\nThe Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union prohibits slavery, forced labour and trafficking of human beings.<\/p>\n

2001, MAY 10th<\/strong>
\nFrench law \u2018recognising the slave trade and slavery (from the 15th – 19th centuries) as a crime against humanity\u2019 is passed, enacted on 21st May. September: the United Nations World Conference against Racism, Racial Discrimination, Xenophobia and Related Intolerance (Durban, South Africa) recognises \u2018slavery and the transatlantic slave trade as a crime against humanity\u2019.<\/p>\n

2002, JANUARY<\/strong>
\nAdoption by the French National Assembly of a law to \u2018combat trafficking of human beings\u2019. September: entry into force of ILO Convention 182 on the \u2018prohibition of the worst forms of child labour\u2019.<\/p>\n

2004<\/strong>
\nInternational Year to Commemorate the Struggle against Slavery and its Abolition, declared by the UN.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":803,"parent":3426,"menu_order":30,"template":"","class_list":["post-3461","documentaire","type-documentaire","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.portail-esclavage-reunion.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/documentaire\/3461","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.portail-esclavage-reunion.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/documentaire"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.portail-esclavage-reunion.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/documentaire"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.portail-esclavage-reunion.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.portail-esclavage-reunion.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/documentaire\/3426"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.portail-esclavage-reunion.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/803"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.portail-esclavage-reunion.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3461"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}