{"id":12320,"date":"2024-02-22T14:16:10","date_gmt":"2024-02-22T10:16:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.portail-esclavage-reunion.fr\/?post_type=documentaire&#038;p=12320"},"modified":"2025-04-02T11:31:58","modified_gmt":"2025-04-02T07:31:58","slug":"bann-noirs-du-domaine-situasyon-ek-kondisyon-rantr-1767-ek-1848","status":"publish","type":"documentaire","link":"https:\/\/www.portail-esclavage-reunion.fr\/re\/documentaires\/lesklavaj\/la-vie-bann-zesklav\/bann-noirs-du-domaine-situasyon-ek-kondisyon-rantr-1767-ek-1848\/","title":{"rendered":"Bann \u00ab <em>Noirs du domaine<\/em> \u00bb : sit\u00fcasyon \u00e8k kondisyon rantr\u2019 1767 \u00e8k 1848"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>Dann bann sossi\u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e8k z\u00e9klav, sinonsa l\u00e9sklavajist \u2013 shak\u00e8ne son lesson \u2013 l\u00e9 pa rienk bann partik\u00fcli\u00e9 nana d\u2019z\u00e9sklav. Bourbon, poss\u00e9ssion lo royom la Franse depi 1638, i amontre \u00e7a bien. Depi bone-h\u00ebr, li n\u00e9na in p\u00e8rsonalit\u00e9 j\u00fcridik. F\u00fcram\u00e9zir en 2-3 zan\u00e9, li ramasse in bon patrimoine lo bien imobili\u00e9 konm mobili\u00e9\u2026 toute kalit\u00e9.<\/h2>\n<div style=\"width: 525px;\" class=\"wp-video\"><!--[if lt IE 9]><script>document.createElement('video');<\/script><![endif]-->\n<video class=\"wp-video-shortcode\" id=\"video-12320-1\" width=\"525\" height=\"295\" preload=\"metadata\" controls=\"controls\"><source type=\"video\/mp4\" src=\"https:\/\/www.portail-esclavage-reunion.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Maillard_Creole.mp4?_=1\" \/><a href=\"https:\/\/www.portail-esclavage-reunion.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Maillard_Creole.mp4\">https:\/\/www.portail-esclavage-reunion.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/Maillard_Creole.mp4<\/a><\/video><\/div>\n<p>Toute fasson, <em>La Compagnie des Indes orientales<\/em>, lav\u00e9 garanti son droi avoir d\u2019z\u00e9sklav dann in lar\u00e9t\u00e9 lo <em>Conseil sup\u00e9rieur de l\u2019\u00eele Bourbon<\/em>, lo 27 s\u00e9ktanm 1724. L\u00e8rk la Couronne i ropran otomatikman ladministrasyon bann zil Maskar\u00e8gne lan\u00e9 1767, lo gouv\u00e8rnman lokal i \u00e9rite san l\u00e9zitasyon \u00ab troupo abominab \u00bb-la, li j\u00e8ne pa li po d\u00e9vlope \u00e7a f\u00fcram\u00e9zir. Lan\u00e9 1768, lordonat\u00ebr Honor\u00e9 de Cr\u00e9mont i \u00e9stime n\u00e9na 369 \u00ab Noir \u00bb dann latli\u00e9 kolonial. Apr\u00e9\u00e7a, lan\u00e9 1836, L\u00e9on Damas tank ali, i trouve 1093.<\/p>\n<p>Dann p\u00e9riode-la logmantasyon pop\u00fclasyon-la, i monte-i d\u00e9ssande. \u00c7a i p\u00e9 \u00e8te \u00e9splik\u00e9 po komans\u00e9 parsk la b\u00e9zoin toultan la mind\u00ebv po bann zotorit\u00e9 Bourbon f\u00e9 fonksyone bon marsh\u00e9 son bann zinstit\u00fcsyon p\u00fcblik. A bien rogard\u00e9, in bonp\u00e9 bann \u00ab\u00a0prizoni\u00e9-la \u00bb, l\u00e9t\u00e9 pa d\u2019z\u00e9sklav. Dan la <em>Monarchie de juillet<\/em>, pl\u00fcpar n\u00e9na in kontra zangaj\u00e9. \u00c9pila ossi, bann fanm \u00e8k bann bonom-la i trava\u00efye pa rienk konm man\u00ebv po batir \u00e9pila f\u00e9 lantrotien lo bann gro-gro soubasman la koloni. I ans\u00e8rve in bonp\u00e9 banna dann dif\u00e9ran s\u00e8rvis p\u00fcblik, \u00e8k dif\u00e9ran kondisyon, \u00e9pila \u2026 dif\u00e9ran d\u00e9stin po bann \u00ab <em>Noirs du domaine<\/em> \u00bb Bourbon.<\/p>\n<h3>\u00ab Lo bien \u00bb ? Demoun ?<\/h3>\n<p>Jiska 1848, i rokon\u00e9 bann \u00ab <em>Noirs du domaine<\/em> \u00bb konm z\u00e9sklav. Zot n\u00e9na m\u00e8m kondisyon j\u00fcridik \u00e7at bann partik\u00fcli\u00e9. Parlf\u00e8te, lordonans lokal adopt\u00e9 lo 7 s\u00e9ktanm 1767, dann son padport, i di bien zot toute l\u00e9 konpri dan la loi d\u00e9ssanm 1723, k\u2019i ap\u00e8le kouraman <em>Code noir<\/em>. Konsid\u00e9r\u00e9 an promi\u00e9 konm \u00ab lo bien \u00bb, in p\u00e9 d\u2019bononm \u00e8k fanm-la, l\u00e9 propri\u00e9t\u00e9 lo pouvoir p\u00fcblik, ke la-ash\u00e8te azot \u00e8k kolon Bourbon. Lo 28 aout 1780, lordonat\u00ebr Jean-Charles Pottier, marki de Courcy, par lo nom lo roi, i ash\u00e8te \u00e8k m\u00e9ssi\u00eb Chatillon, k\u2019i r\u00e8ste karti\u00e9 Sin-Pol, po lo pri 1225 live lo \u00ab nom\u00e9 Ignace, malbar, 18-t-an, forjeron \u00bb. I arive ass\u00e9 souvan, o-moin jiska <em>Premier Empire<\/em>, bann zotorit\u00e9 Bourbon i ash\u00e8te ossi dir\u00e8ktoman prizoni\u00e9 \u00e8k in marshan abit\u00fc\u00e9 f\u00e9 la tr\u00e8te. Par \u00e9gzanp, lo 8 d\u00e9ssanm 1772, zot i ash\u00e8te \u00e8k in s\u00e8rtin m\u00e9ssi\u00eb Baillif, po lo pri 63 220 live, jiska \u00ab 40 Noir mozambik, in bann pi\u00e8sse Linde, 7 n\u00e9gr\u00e8sse, 14 kapron \u00bb. Baillif-la l\u00e9 propri\u00e9t\u00e8r in bato i sorte L\u00e8st Lafrik, i vienn j\u00e8te lankr dan la rade Sin-Dni \u00e8k in sharjman \u00ab 200 n\u00e8gr\u2019 parla \u00bb. Dan lo kontra, li otorize jiska lo shir\u00fcrjien-en-sh\u00e8f la koloni monte a-bor po shoizi li-m\u00e8m lo bann kaptif. Anpl\u00fcs-ke\u00e7a, latli\u00e9 kolonial i grossi \u00e8k bann n\u00e9ssans anfant\u00e9 par mariaj l\u00e9gal ou bien l\u00fcnion lib bann \u00ab n\u00e9gr\u00e8sse lo Roi\u00a0\u00bb. Lan\u00e9 1815, Rosalie, 25 an, kr\u00e9ol, infirmi\u00e8r, n\u00e9na d\u00e9ja 3 zanfan : Marguerite 6-z-an, Marie-Olive 4 an, Louis 2-z-an. Par rapor lartik 8 la loi d\u00e9ssanm 1723, l\u00e9-3 i pran la kondisyon zot monmon d\u00e9k zot i \u00e9n\u00e9 : zot i tonbe propri\u00e9t\u00e9 la koloni.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_4796\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-4796\" style=\"width: 800px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.portail-esclavage-reunion.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/ME-2020-1-10.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-4796 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/www.portail-esclavage-reunion.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/ME-2020-1-10.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"524\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.portail-esclavage-reunion.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/ME-2020-1-10.jpg 800w, https:\/\/www.portail-esclavage-reunion.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/ME-2020-1-10-300x197.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.portail-esclavage-reunion.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/ME-2020-1-10-768x503.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 767px) 89vw, (max-width: 1000px) 54vw, (max-width: 1071px) 543px, 580px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-4796\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">La tr\u00e8te bann Noir. F\u00e9vriy\u00e9 1836. L\u00e9stanpe. <br \/>Kol. M\u00fcz\u00e9 Vill\u00e8le<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Par lo droi <em>usus et fructus<\/em> dessi zot \u00ab bien \u00bb, bann zotorit\u00e9 Bourbon i p\u00e9 \u00ab abiz\u00e9 \u00bb konm zot i v\u00e9, jist dan lo r\u00e9sp\u00e9 lo droi l\u00e9sklavaj dan la koloni. Dann l\u00e9pok <em>La Restauration<\/em>, Pauline \u00e8k P\u00e9lagie, 2 Malgash 20-t-an parla, i tava\u00efye kout\u00fcri\u00e8r, gouv\u00e8rn\u00ebr Etienne du Val d\u2019Ailly i lou\u00e9 azot pl\u00fczir lan\u00e9 po son s\u00e8rvis p\u00e8rson\u00e9l po 30 fran par moi. La vante la \u00ab <em>chose anim\u00e9e<\/em> \u00bb l\u00e9 possib ossi, bien s\u00fcr, po lo pouvoir p\u00fcblik. Lo 14 d\u00e9ssanm 1783, lordonat\u00ebr Jean Charles Pottier marki de Courcy, i vande in s\u00e8rtin m\u00e9ssi\u00eb Larochelle, k\u2019i r\u00e8ste dann karti\u00e9 Sinte-Sizane, po 1350 live, Joseph \u00e8k son madanm Perrine. Malgr\u00e9 lotorit\u00e9 Bourbon la-r\u00e9sp\u00e8kte lo sakreman l\u00e9-2 z\u00e9skav \u2013 k\u2019i int\u00e8rdi s\u00e9pare azot dann in vante ou bien in don \u2013 zot la-trouve in fionaj po d\u00e9barasse azot \u00e8k Perrine : dan la marj lo rejistr la vante, l\u00e9 mark\u00e9 \u00e8l l\u00e9 \u00e9pil\u00e9ptik.<\/p>\n<p>Par\u00e8y l\u00e9zot z\u00e9sklav la koloni, \u00e7at latli\u00e9 kolonial n\u00e9na lo droi domande zot lafranshisman. Kan i lire bann zarshiv, I voi parlf\u00e8te bann zotorit\u00e9 Bourbon i ans\u00e8rve lo droi-la pl\u00fcs rarman k\u2019bann partik\u00fcli\u00e9. Charlot, Malgash, 35 an, l\u00e9t\u00e9 dan la \u00ab n\u00e8gr\u00e9ri lo Roi \u00bb en 1767. Li l\u00e9t\u00e9 komand\u00ebr dan la dir\u00e9ksyion lo j\u00e9ni, i siniale pl\u00fczir fois \u00ab son fid\u00e9lit\u00e9 \u00e8k son kouraj po trava\u00efye. \u00bb Li gaingne ofissi\u00e8lman son lib\u00e8rt\u00e9 lo 7 novanm 1779. Va di li l\u00e9 in \u00ab privil\u00e9ji\u00e9 \u00bb. M\u00e9-soman, Charlot n\u00e9na bonp\u00e9 difikilt\u00e9 po artrouve son lotonomi. I voi bien son l\u00e9spri l\u00e9 mark\u00e9 par son d\u00e9rassinman \u00e8k son t\u00e8r natal. Li na pwin in mon\u00e9 po ash\u00e8te in boute la t\u00e8r, ou bien li la pa aprande in m\u00e9ti\u00e9. Alorse li trouve pa in trava\u00efy fiks dan la koloni. Dapr\u00e9 matrik\u00fcle j\u00e9n\u00e9ral 1\u00e9 janvi\u00e9 1782, pov, san kaz, li l\u00e9 toujour loj\u00e9-nouri par lo \u00ab <em>frais du Roi<\/em> \u00bb.<\/p>\n<p>Lo kondisyon z\u00e9sklav l\u00e9 toujour la-m\u00e8m po bonp\u00e9 \u00ab <em>Noirs du domaine<\/em> \u00bb dann Bourbon, m\u00e8m dann l\u00e9pok <em>La Restauration<\/em> \u00e8k \u00e7at la <em>Monarchie de Juillet<\/em>. Pourtan, lordonans royal 8 janvi\u00e9 1817, akord\u00e9 \u00e8k dir\u00e9ktiv lo tr\u00e9t\u00e9 Paris 20 novanm 1815, \u00e9pila lo bann loi 18 avriy 1818 \u00e8k 25 avriy 1827, i int\u00e8rdi la \u00ab <em>traite des Noirs<\/em> \u00bb dann bann koloni frans\u00e9. Parsk bann kolon i m\u00e8te la pr\u00e9ssion, zot i di konm dabit\u00fcde, i manke la mind\u00ebv, bann zotorit\u00e9 Bourbon i f\u00e8rme lo zi\u00e9, i l\u00e8sse kontini\u00e9 lo trafik \u00ab bois d\u2019\u00e9b\u00e8ne \u00bb dann lil. Bann dok\u00fcman pl\u00fcs s\u00e9ri\u00eb dessi kestion-la i \u00e9stime rantr\u2019 45 000 \u00e8k 50 000 prizoni\u00e9 d\u00e9port\u00e9 dan la koloni frans\u00e9 Loss\u00e9an Indien rantr\u2019 1817 \u00e8k 1840. Bann \u00ab <em>Noirs de traite<\/em> \u00bb l\u00e9 in vr\u00e9 lavantaj po bann zotorit\u00e9 Bourbon. Parlf\u00e8te, lordonans royal 8 janvi\u00e9 1817 i d\u00e9klare : \u00e7at sora s\u00e9zi dessi bann \u00ab <em>b\u00e2timents<\/em> \u00bb po am\u00e8ne azot dann in koloni frans\u00e9, va done azot po f\u00e9 \u00ab <em>des travaux d\u2019utilit\u00e9 publique<\/em> \u00bb. Konm lo gouv\u00e8rnman lav\u00e9 jam\u00e9 f\u00e9 in loi ou bien in r\u00e8gleman dessi zot kondisyon dann l\u00e9pok <em>La<\/em> <em>Restauration<\/em>, Bourbon i m\u00e8te azot dann latli\u00e9 kolonial konm\u2026 z\u00e9sklav. Lar\u00e9t\u00e9 lokal lo gouv\u00e8rn\u00ebr Achille de Cheffontaines la-pran lo 3 mars 1827, kons\u00e8rnan lorganizasyon lo s\u00e8rvis bann \u00ab <em>Noirs coloniaux<\/em> \u00bb i f\u00e9 pa la dif\u00e9rans ditou rantr\u2019 bann prizoni\u00e9 la koloni avan 8 janvi\u00e9 1817 \u00e8k bann \u00ab Noir la tr\u00e8te \u00bb s\u00e9zi apr\u00e9\u00e7a dessi bann bato n\u00e9griy\u00e9.<\/p>\n<p><figure id=\"attachment_4735\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-4735\" style=\"width: 1280px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.portail-esclavage-reunion.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/FRAD974_26J13-Esclaves-au-travail.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-4735 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/www.portail-esclavage-reunion.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/FRAD974_26J13-Esclaves-au-travail.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1280\" height=\"776\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.portail-esclavage-reunion.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/FRAD974_26J13-Esclaves-au-travail.jpg 1280w, https:\/\/www.portail-esclavage-reunion.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/FRAD974_26J13-Esclaves-au-travail-300x182.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.portail-esclavage-reunion.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/FRAD974_26J13-Esclaves-au-travail-768x466.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.portail-esclavage-reunion.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/FRAD974_26J13-Esclaves-au-travail-1024x621.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 767px) 89vw, (max-width: 1000px) 54vw, (max-width: 1071px) 543px, 580px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-4735\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">[Z\u00e9sklav i trava\u00efye]. Jean-Joseph Patu de Rosemont. [1800-1810]. D\u00e9ssin, pl\u00fcme, lankr br\u00fcne. <br \/>kol. Zarshiv d\u00e9partmantal La R\u00e9nyon<\/figcaption><\/figure>Lo d\u00e9viraj, po ash\u00e8ve di, dan la sit\u00fcasyon bann \u00ab <em>Noirs du domaine<\/em> \u00bb, i \u00e9spasse dann l\u00e9pok la <em>Monarchie de Juillet<\/em>. Dapr\u00e9 lartik 10 lo nouvo loi lo 4 mars 1831 \u00ab <em>concernant la r\u00e9pression de la traite des Noirs<\/em> \u00bb, l\u00e8rk i rekon\u00e9 bann \u00ab <em>personnes<\/em> \u00bb konm \u00ab\u00a0<em>Noirs de traite<\/em> \u00bb dann koloni frans\u00e9, apartir-dor\u00e9navan i d\u00e9klare azot \u00ab lib\u00a0\u00bb. Bien s\u00fcr, lo r\u00e9gleman t\u00e8lkil\u00e9 i rokomande lo pouvoir p\u00fcblik plasse azot dann in langajman po in d\u00fcr\u00e9 kalk\u00fcl\u00e9. Bann laranjman-la, i fo dire, i kons\u00e8rne ossi bann \u00ab <em>Noirs de traite<\/em> \u00bb s\u00e9zi avan la loi-la, don\u00e9 konm \u00ab poss\u00e9ssion \u00bb bann gouv\u00e8rn\u00ebr lokal. Bann zotorit\u00e9 Bourbon i oblije toute bann \u00ab <em>Noirs de traite<\/em> \u00bb pran in langajman 7 lan\u00e9 dann zot latli\u00e9 kolonial, par lar\u00e9t\u00e9 lokal 4 aout 1831. Kanm\u00e8m la loi 4 mars 1831 i kondane s\u00e9v\u00e8rman bann trafikan, la tr\u00e8te bann Noir i kontin\u00fc\u00e9 dann Bourbon o-moin jiska la fin bann zan\u00e9 1840, \u00e7a i f\u00e9 k\u2019 tanzantan i s\u00e9zi bann prizoni\u00e9 dessi bato kapay\u00e9 o-larj. Lo 13 avriy 1832, la douane Bourbon i s\u00e9zi Fatime \u00ab inn Malgash 18-t-an \u00bb \u00e8k V\u00e9rina, \u00ab in Kaf 16-z-an \u00bb, a-bor l\u2019<em>Antoinette<\/em>. I f\u00e9 rante azot dir\u00e8k konm zangaj\u00e9 dann latli\u00e9 kolonial.<\/p>\n<p>\u00c7a in bon lokazion po r\u00e9fl\u00e9shir dessi lo kondisyon \u00abzangaj\u00e9 \u00bb k\u2019i done bann \u00ab <em>Noirs du domaine<\/em> \u00bb. Kan i lire lo bann loi Bourbon, lo bann Noir na pwin ditou m\u00e8m droi k\u2019bann demoun lib la koloni, ni \u00e7at bann lib-de-koul\u00ebr, ni nonpli \u00e7at bann trava\u00efy\u00ebr zindien sinonsa shinoi, k\u2019i ap\u00e8le ossi zangaj\u00e9, bann \u00e7at i arive Bourbon dann l\u00e9pok la <em>Monarchie de Juillet<\/em>. Parlf\u00e8te, zot l\u00e9ta-sivil i d\u00e9pande pa bann zanploy\u00e9 la komine. C\u00e9 lo prok\u00fcr\u00ebr j\u00e9n\u00e9ral la kour royal i desside. Po zot mari\u00e9, la-b\u00e9zoin lotorizasyon lo gouv\u00e8rn\u00ebr, zot na pwin ditou lo droi pran r\u00e9sponsabilit\u00e9 in\u2019ot moun. Epila ossi, zot na pwin lo droi la propri\u00e9t\u00e9, zot na pwin lo droi ash\u00e8te in bien, ni gaingne en kado, ni en l\u00e9ritaj. La pr\u00ebv zot kondisyon l\u00e9 par\u00e8y \u00e7at z\u00e9sklav : si bann zangaj\u00e9-la i d\u00e9zob\u00e9i la loi, i j\u00fcje pa zot \u00e8k lo <em>Code p\u00e9nal<\/em> 29 d\u00e9ssanm 1827, \u00e7at i kons\u00e8rne bann demoun lib. Po zot, c\u00e9 lo droi p\u00e9nal bann z\u00e9sklav. Lartik 15 lar\u00e9t\u00e9 lokal aout 1831 i di bien toute : lo \u00ab <em>Noir de traite<\/em> \u00bb i gaingne son kondisyon lafranshi \u00ab mark\u00e9 dann rejistr\u2019 bann lakt l\u00e9ta-sivil bann demoun lib \u00bb &#8211; \u00e9pila \u00ab li b\u00e9n\u00e9fissi\u00e9 toute son bann droi sivil \u00bb l\u00e8rk lo gouv\u00e8rn\u00ebr la-fine lib\u00e8re son langajman.<\/p>\n<p>Bann zotorit\u00e9 Bourbon i kon\u00e9 zot sit\u00fcasyon l\u00e9 fa\u00efy. Alorse, par lo d\u00e9kr\u00e9 lo 11 aout 1838, zot i oblije toute arprande in langajman 7-an dan lo m\u00e8m kondisyon j\u00fcridik. Lo r\u00e9gleman i r\u00e9sp\u00e8kte pa la loi lo 4 mars 1831. Lo 25 juin 1841, lo <em>ministre de la Marine<\/em>, Victor-Guy Dup\u00e9rr\u00e9, i an\u00fcle lo d\u00e9kr\u00e9. Lo bann z\u00e9l\u00fc lokal i rousp\u00e8te tanpir kip\u00e9. 28 oktob 1841, <em>ministre de la Marine<\/em>-la-m\u00e8m i oblije toute bann zotorit\u00e9 Bourbon marke toute lo bann \u00ab <em>Noirs de traite<\/em> la-fini zot langajman \u00bb dessi bann rejistr\u2019 l\u00e9ta-sivil la pop\u00fclasyon lib la komine Sin-Dni. Lo 31 m\u00e9 1842, gouv\u00e8rnman i oblije bann zotorit\u00e9 Bourbon prande in\u2019ot lar\u00e9t\u00e9 po lo \u00ab r\u00e9-angajman bann zangaj\u00e9 lib\u00e9r\u00e9 \u00bb, apartir zot kondisyon demoun lib. M\u00e9-soman, pr\u00e8ske toute bann d\u00e9port\u00e9 l\u00e9 oblij\u00e9 roprande in langajman po 4 lan\u00e9, akoz lo bann zanploy\u00e9 s\u00e8rvis p\u00fcblik i m\u00e8te azot la pr\u00e9ssion. Lo majistra Bourbon Delabarre de Nanteuil l\u00e9 bien o-kouran la sit\u00fcasyon. Li esplike : zordi dessi 520 \u00ab zangaj\u00e9 lib\u00e9r\u00e9 \u00bb, dapr\u00e9 li, n\u00e9na rienk 34 la-rofize in nouvo langajman \u00e8k la koloni.<\/p>\n<p>Zangajman fors\u00e9 bann \u00ab viktime \u00bb la tr\u00e8te n\u00e9griy\u00e9-la, i f\u00e9 majine la \u00ab k\u00fcltir dominante \u00bb trava\u00efy oblij\u00e9 dann bann sossi\u00e9t\u00e9 kolonial-l\u00e9sklavaj. Konm\u00e7a m\u00e8m, dann promi\u00e9 19\u00e8m si\u00e8k, La Navy i lib\u00e8re 12 000 prizoni\u00e9 dessi Loss\u00e9an Atlantik. I oblije azot prande <em>L\u2019indenture<\/em> : Parlf\u00e8te, Langl\u00e9t\u00e8r i gaingne forme bann \u00ab r\u00e9jiman milit\u00e8r noir \u00bb bon marsh\u00e9, \u00e7at li la-b\u00e9zoin po ass\u00fcre la s\u00e9kurit\u00e9 dann son bann koloni la Kara\u00efbe. C\u00e9 listorien nig\u00e9rien Johnson Asi\u00e9gbu la-f\u00e9 lo m\u00e9y\u00ebr trava\u00efy dessi k\u00e9stion-la. Dapr\u00e9 li, \u00e7a l\u00e9t\u00e9 in bon tiktak po pr\u00e9pare bann kolon dann koloni l\u00ebrop\u00e9in po amboshe bann nouvo zarivan afrikin \u00e8k aziatik konm i<em>ndentured laboures<\/em> apr\u00e9 bann labolisyon l\u00e9sklavaj.<\/p>\n<h3>\u2026 \u00c7a la pa d\u2019zanimo<\/h3>\n<p>Kissoi z\u00e9sklav, kissoi zangaj\u00e9, bann \u00ab <em>Noirs du domaine<\/em> \u00bb, apark inn-deu z\u00e9ks\u00e8psyon, l\u00e9 oblij\u00e9 toul\u00e9jour f\u00e9 trava\u00efy obligatoir \u2013 sof dann lh\u00ebr ousinon lo jour repo mark\u00e9 dan lo r\u00e8gloman lokal. \u00ab Noir inport\u00e9 sinonsa Kr\u00e9ol \u00bb, sirtou trava\u00efy\u00ebr la t\u00e8r dann zot p\u00e9i, sinonsa \u00ab Noir d\u2019piosh \u00bb dann bann bitasyon Bourbon, kom\u00e9la zot i trava\u00efye p\u00fc la t\u00e8r dessou komandman pouvoir p\u00fcblik. I ans\u00e8rve pr\u00e8sk la moiti\u00e9 rantr\u2019 zot dann inn lo bann brigade s\u00e8rvis mobil la dir\u00e8ksyon lo j\u00e9ni la koloni. S\u00e8rvis-la va prande lo nom dir\u00e8ksyon <em>Ponts et Chauss\u00e9es<\/em> kan va arive lo <em>Premier Empire<\/em>. Bann zotorit\u00e9 Bourbon i v\u00e9 d\u00e9vlope la route, \u00e9pila f\u00e9 batiman p\u00fcblik. M\u00e9-soman, zot na pwin ass\u00e9 \u00ab la mind\u00ebv lib \u00bb dan la koloni. Va r\u00e8ste konm\u00e7a m\u00e8m pandan toute l\u00e9pok-la. Lo bann zinj\u00e9ni\u00ebr form\u00e9 en Franse i komande bann man\u00ebv latli\u00e9 kolonial po f\u00e9 \u00e7at l\u00e9 pl\u00fcs d\u00fcr dann trava\u00efy p\u00fcblik konm d\u00e9bl\u00e8ye somin, fouiye kanal, poze makadam.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_4823\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-4823\" style=\"width: 900px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.portail-esclavage-reunion.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/1989-525-1.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-4823 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/www.portail-esclavage-reunion.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/1989-525-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"900\" height=\"616\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.portail-esclavage-reunion.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/1989-525-1.jpg 900w, https:\/\/www.portail-esclavage-reunion.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/1989-525-1-300x205.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.portail-esclavage-reunion.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/1989-525-1-768x526.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 767px) 89vw, (max-width: 1000px) 54vw, (max-width: 1071px) 543px, 580px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-4823\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Nouvo d\u00e9barkad\u00e8r Sin-Dni. (Lil Bourbon). Alfred Formster, grav\u00ebr ; Barth\u00e9l\u00e9my Lauvergne, dessinat\u00ebr. 1837-1842. Taye-dousse. Dan <em>La France maritime<\/em>, Am\u00e9d\u00e9e Gr\u00e9han, tome 4, p. 309. <br \/>Kol. M\u00fcz\u00e9 istorik Vill\u00e8le<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>L\u2019ot moiti\u00e9 bann \u00ab <em>Noirs coloniaux<\/em> \u00bb l\u00e9 fan\u00e9 dann toute bann s\u00e8rvis p\u00fcblik la koloni : lopital, magazin j\u00e9n\u00e9ral, jardin lo Roi, la poste, tou\u00e7ala. Inn-deu rantr\u2019 zot i gaingne in formasyon \u00e9sp\u00e9ssial : forjeron, sharon, masson. Banna n\u00e9na la garanti gaingne in laktivit\u00e9 kotidien pl\u00fcs lib, \u00e8k pl\u00fcs la val\u00ebr. Hypolite, in kr\u00e9ol n\u00e9 dann latli\u00e9 kolonial lan\u00e9 1772, l\u00e9t\u00e9 form\u00e9 depi bon-h\u00ebr konm sharpanti\u00e9. Pandan in kantit\u00e9 d\u2019zan\u00e9 li-lav\u00e9 \u00ab in bon plasse trava\u00efy \u00bb dann moulin l\u00e9ta konm lo soupr\u00e9f\u00e9 Marchant t\u00e9 i di, l\u00e9pok <em>Premier Empire<\/em>. M\u00e9-soman, na pwin bonp\u00e9 bann \u00ab <em>Noirs talents<\/em> \u00bb. I plasse l\u00e9zot dessou lotorit\u00e9 bann zajan p\u00fcblik lib, po f\u00e9 trava\u00efy s\u00fcbalt\u00e8rn konm kuizini\u00e9, soignan, jardini\u00e9, sinonsa gardien. Toultan t\u00e9 lo m\u00e8m trava\u00efy, souvand\u00e9foi l\u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00fcr. L\u00e9 s\u00fcr, lo trava\u00efy bann ram\u00ebr lo port Sin-Dni l\u00e9t\u00e9 bien d\u00fcr, kissoi po zot kor ou bien po zot moral, par\u00e8y \u00e7at bann man\u00ebv t\u00e9 i doi bati la route <em>Royale<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p>Apark bann komand\u00ebr, \u00e8k deu-troi \u00e7at i gaingne inn solde \u2013 moin 10 % lo total \u2013 bann Noir latli\u00e9 kolonial l\u00e9 pa p\u00e9y\u00e9 po zot trava\u00efy. Malgr\u00e9 sit\u00fcasyon-la l\u00e9 konsid\u00e9r\u00e9 konm normal po bann z\u00e9sklav, antoul\u00e9ka po bann partizan \u00ab\u00a0<em>l\u2019Institution particuli\u00e8re\u00a0<\/em>\u00bb, l\u00e9 kan m\u00e8m in grav violasyon lo droi bann zangaj\u00e9. L\u00e9pok la <em>Monarchie de juillet<\/em>, avan lar\u00e9t\u00e9 31 m\u00e9 1842, la <em>Rue Royale<\/em> i ar\u00e8te pa anvoye m\u00e9ssaj dessi k\u00e9stion-la po bann zotorit\u00e9 Bourbon. Toute fasson la solde l\u00e9 miskine. Dapr\u00e9 lar\u00e9t\u00e9 3\u00a0mars 1827 sinonsa 4 aout 1831, in komand\u00ebr m\u00e9day\u00e9 i gaingne 8 fran par mois, in komand\u00ebr ordin\u00e8r 4 fran, in lapoint\u00e9 2 fran\u00a0! Bann p\u00e9ye-la l\u00e9 pi\u00e8g si i konpare \u00e7a \u00e8k \u00e7at lo bann demoun lib i komande zot toute : in sh\u00e8f la brigade latli\u00e9 kolonial i gaingne 50 fran par mois, in linj\u00e9ni\u00ebr <em>Ponts et chauss\u00e9es<\/em> 750 fran.<\/p>\n<p>And\u00e9or lo trava\u00efy, la pl\u00fcpar rantr\u2019 zot i r\u00e8ste dessi in t\u00e9rin \u00e9sp\u00e9ssial, i ap\u00e8le \u00ab <em>camp des Noirs du roi<\/em> \u00bb, instal\u00e9 depi l\u00e9pok <em>Royale<\/em> dann kapital la koloni, kot\u00e9 lou\u00e8st la rivi\u00e8re Sin-Dni. I m\u00e9zire 5 l\u00e9ktar parla, i rossanbe bien lo plan in gran dom\u00e8n Bourbon. Anpl\u00fcs lo bann kaz, pti, malsin, ou\u00e7a bann z\u00e9sklav \u00e8k bann zangaj\u00e9 i ar\u00e8ste, touss\u00ebl sinonsa \u00e8k zot famiy, n\u00e9na ossi in magazin lalimantasyon, in linfirmri, \u00e8k in lokal la polisse jiska. M\u00e9-soman, i m\u00e8te toute malade la l\u00e8p la koloni dann in lokal \u00e9sp\u00e9ssial, k\u2019i ans\u00e8rve konm l\u00e9prozri, jiska lan\u00e9 1852 l\u00e8rk i rouve la plasse la Ravine-a-Jak.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_4723\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-4723\" style=\"width: 1500px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.portail-esclavage-reunion.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/FRANOM24_23DFC0175_00_1B-6.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-4723 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/www.portail-esclavage-reunion.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/FRANOM24_23DFC0175_00_1B-6.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1500\" height=\"1121\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.portail-esclavage-reunion.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/FRANOM24_23DFC0175_00_1B-6.jpg 1500w, https:\/\/www.portail-esclavage-reunion.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/FRANOM24_23DFC0175_00_1B-6-300x224.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.portail-esclavage-reunion.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/FRANOM24_23DFC0175_00_1B-6-768x574.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.portail-esclavage-reunion.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/FRANOM24_23DFC0175_00_1B-6-1024x765.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 767px) 89vw, (max-width: 1000px) 54vw, (max-width: 1071px) 543px, 580px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-4723\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Kan bann Noir lo Roi, Sin-Dni Lil Bourbon. 9 f\u00e9vriy\u00e9 1822. Man\u00fcskri lakouar\u00e9l\u00e9. <br \/>\u00a9 ANOM, Fon D\u00e9p\u00f4t des fortifications coloniales<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Dapr\u00e9 bann r\u00e8gloman \u00e9sp\u00e9ssial, dizon par\u00e8y \u00e7at t\u00e9 aplik\u00e9 po bann z\u00e9sklav bann kolon, t\u00e9 i doi done manj\u00e9, done linj, done lo soin kan la b\u00e9zoin lo bann \u00ab<em> Noirs coloniaux<\/em> \u00bb, ninport\u00e9k\u00e8l kondisyon. Zot rasyon po in journ\u00e9 l\u00e9t\u00e9 jist 1 kilo mayi ou bien 800\u00a0gram dori, \u00e8k 120 gram lo grin. Lo dimansh \u00e8k lo jour f\u00e9ri\u00e9, t\u00e9 i rajoute 100 gram la mor\u00fc ou bien la viann sal\u00e9. \u00c9k \u00e7a, i arive rienk 1500 kalori par jour, po in bann trava\u00efy\u00ebr lav\u00e9 bezoin o-moin 3 500 kalori par rapor zot trava\u00efy. Tou l\u00e9 6 mois, i done bann bononm in k\u00fclote \u00e8k in shomiz ; bann madanm i gaingne in j\u00fcpe \u00e8k in lik\u00e8te, dann in toile <em>ginga<\/em> fay-fay. Po f\u00e9 la dif\u00e9rans \u00e8k bann demoun lib, m\u00e8m demoun lib-de-koul\u00ebr, bann \u00ab <em>Noirs du domaine<\/em> \u00bb na pwin lo droi m\u00e8te souli\u00e9, konm toute bann z\u00e9sklav Bourbon.<\/p>\n<p>Rode pa akoz zot na pwin la sant\u00e9, \u00e9pila zot i vive pa vi\u00e9. Deu-troi shif i trouve dann bann rapor zotorit\u00e9 Bourbon i amontre \u00e7a bien. Rantr\u2019 1\u00e9 janvi\u00e9 1820 \u00e8k 1\u00e9 janvi\u00e9 1821, la pop\u00fclasyon latli\u00e9 kolonial i passe depi 428 jiska 630 moun. M\u00e9-soman, logmantasyon-la l\u00e9 akoz daborinn la-ash\u00e8te 23 z\u00e9sklav \u00e8k bann partik\u00fcli\u00e9, \u00e9pila sirtou akoz la-s\u00e9zi 247 \u00ab <em>Noirs de traite<\/em> \u00bb dessi bato n\u00e9griy\u00e9. Poudvr\u00e9, dann m\u00e8m l\u00e9pok-la, dan la \u00ab n\u00e8gr\u00e9ri\u00a0lo roi \u00bb i trouve 72 mor po 4 n\u00e9ssans ! Pa loin 150 po 1000, lo mor bann \u00ab <em>Noirs du domaine<\/em> \u00bb l\u00e9 bokou pl\u00fcs ke \u00e7at l\u00e9zot z\u00e9sklav la koloni. Parlf\u00e8te, in bonp\u00e9 zangaj\u00e9 i mor ossi. 1\u00e9 janvi\u00e9 1836, nav\u00e9 876 parla, 28 oktob 1841 i r\u00e8ste rienk 520, malgr\u00e9 na pwin inn la-gaingne kasse son kontra dann 5 lan\u00e9-la. Akoz \u00e7a-m\u00e8m, 1\u00e9 janvi\u00e9 1848, jist deu-troi mois avan lo d\u00e9kr\u00e9 labolisyon, dann latli\u00e9 kolonial i r\u00e8ste rienk 91 z\u00e9sklav \u00e8k 59 zangaj\u00e9.<\/p>\n<p>M\u00e8m si zot kondisyon la vi i f\u00e9 piti\u00e9, malgr\u00e9 lo bann sh\u00e8f i maltr\u00e9te azot, bann z\u00e9sklav \u00e8k bann zangaj\u00e9 latli\u00e9 kolonial i tienbo po pa tonbe dann inn <em>mort sociale<\/em>. Dann zot prop lorganizasyon, zot i ans\u00e8rve toute kalit\u00e9 moyen, shak\u00e8ne son kot\u00e9 sinonsa toute ansanm, po survive, \u00e9pila sirtou po pr\u00e9z\u00e8rve zot bann droi.<br \/>\nPar kot\u00e9 zot trava\u00efy ofissi\u00e8l, zot i d\u00e9vlope bann zaktivit\u00e9 \u00e9konomik an-s\u00fcpl\u00e9man \u2013 konm ki dir\u00e9 zot i b\u00e8ke la kl\u00e9. M\u00e8mtan zot i kons\u00e8rve bien for zot relasyon ansanm zot famiy, zot zami dann lo <em>camp des Noirs du roi<\/em> konm an-d\u00e9or. Zot i kons\u00e8rve ossi bann pratik k\u00fcltir\u00e8l, dorijine sinonsa m\u00e9tiss\u00e9, konm lo <em>Tsh\u00e9ga<\/em> (s\u00e9ga), po garanti lo tr\u00e9fon zot l\u00fcmanit\u00e9.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_3614\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-3614\" style=\"width: 839px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.portail-esclavage-reunion.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/Ill.8-FRAD974_21FI9-Danse-des-noirs-au-tam-tam.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-3614 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/www.portail-esclavage-reunion.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/Ill.8-FRAD974_21FI9-Danse-des-noirs-au-tam-tam.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"839\" height=\"570\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.portail-esclavage-reunion.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/Ill.8-FRAD974_21FI9-Danse-des-noirs-au-tam-tam.jpg 839w, https:\/\/www.portail-esclavage-reunion.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/Ill.8-FRAD974_21FI9-Danse-des-noirs-au-tam-tam-300x204.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.portail-esclavage-reunion.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/Ill.8-FRAD974_21FI9-Danse-des-noirs-au-tam-tam-768x522.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 767px) 89vw, (max-width: 1000px) 54vw, (max-width: 1071px) 543px, 580px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-3614\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Lo soir. Danse bann Noir \u00e8k tam-tam. Louis Antoine Roussin. 1848. Litografi. <br \/>Kol. Zarshiv d\u00e9partmantal La R\u00e9nyon<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>\u00c7ak l\u00e9 pl\u00fcs dessid\u00e9, i shoizi maronaj po shape l\u00e9ma\u00efy so pi\u00e8j mort\u00e8l-la. Janvi\u00e9 1782, i rekon\u00e9 10 maron rantr\u2019 930 z\u00e9sklav latli\u00e9 kolonial. 1\u00e9 janvi\u00e9 1821, 7 rantr\u2019 630. \u00c7a i f\u00e9 n\u00e9na toultan in moy\u00e8ne 1 po 100 bann \u00ab <em>Noirs du domaine<\/em> \u00bb an-maronaj. Bien s\u00fcr, i f\u00e9 moin \u00e7at lo total z\u00e9sklav Bourbon (parla 5 po 100 dann m\u00e8m l\u00e9pok) m\u00e9-soman lo bann dok\u00fcman man\u00fcskri orijinal i di bien maronaj-la t\u00e9 long, bien long, souvand\u00e9foi d\u00e9finitif po bann <em>Noirs coloniaux<\/em>. 30 d\u00e9ssanm 1774, in s\u00e8rtin M\u00e9ssi\u00eb Beaumont, in zabitan Sinte-Sizane, i vande Azor, in \u00ab <em>cafre \u00e2g\u00e9 de 29 ans<\/em> \u00bb, parsk li l\u00e9 d\u00e9zob\u00e9issan. I vande ali gouv\u00e8rnman lokal po m\u00e8te ali dan la brigade j\u00e9ni sivil Sin-Dni. Soman li aks\u00e8pe pa pl\u00fcs lotorit\u00e9 son nouvo maitr\u2019. 2 juin 1775, li sava maron, li niabou r\u00e8ste lib jiska la fin 1782. Par\u00e8y po Janvi\u00e9, ali ossi \u00ab <em>cafre \u00e2g\u00e9 de 22 ans<\/em> \u00bb. 21 s\u00e8ktanm 1819, i s\u00e9zi ali dessi bato n\u00e9griy\u00e9 <em>La Jos\u00e9phine<\/em>. I m\u00e8te ali dir\u00e8k dann in brigade <em>Ponts et chauss\u00e9es<\/em>. Pa pl\u00fctar 22 m\u00e9 1820 Janvi\u00e9 i sove. 1\u00e9 janvi\u00e9 1824 li l\u00e9 toujour maron. Inj\u00e9nu (n\u00e9 lib) dann zot p\u00e9i, Makoua i sorte la b\u00e9 Memba, Nyanja i sorte o-plato la Shire, shass\u00ebr sinonsa artizan, animist sinonsa m\u00fczilman, tou-l\u00e9-deu la-rashe zot lib\u00e8rt\u00e9 vitman, zot la vavangue touss\u00ebl dann paraj bann dom\u00e8n, paraj bann ville, ou bien zot la-rejoinn zot bann \u00ab <em>s\u0153urs et fr\u00e8res<\/em> \u00bb dann inn rantr\u2019 bann vilaj maron kashi\u00e8te dann sirk, dan l\u00e9-o d\u2019lil. Po Azor \u00e8k Janvi\u00e9, in ot vi i komanse.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":12321,"parent":8665,"menu_order":40,"template":"","class_list":["post-12320","documentaire","type-documentaire","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.portail-esclavage-reunion.fr\/re\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/documentaire\/12320","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.portail-esclavage-reunion.fr\/re\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/documentaire"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.portail-esclavage-reunion.fr\/re\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/documentaire"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.portail-esclavage-reunion.fr\/re\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.portail-esclavage-reunion.fr\/re\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/documentaire\/8665"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.portail-esclavage-reunion.fr\/re\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/12321"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.portail-esclavage-reunion.fr\/re\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=12320"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}