{"id":13937,"date":"2024-10-24T15:46:20","date_gmt":"2024-10-24T11:46:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.portail-esclavage-reunion.fr\/?post_type=documentaire&#038;p=13937"},"modified":"2026-01-23T11:20:01","modified_gmt":"2026-01-23T07:20:01","slug":"dann-fenoir-lesklavaj-gran-fekler-lo-maronaj","status":"publish","type":"documentaire","link":"https:\/\/www.portail-esclavage-reunion.fr\/re\/documentaires\/lesklavaj\/rezistanse-kontr-lesklavaj\/dann-fenoir-lesklavaj-gran-fekler-lo-maronaj\/","title":{"rendered":"Dann f\u00e9noir l\u00e9sklavaj, gran f\u00e9kl\u00e8r lo maronaj"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>Listoir lil Bourbon-La R\u00e9nyon l\u00e9 pa ansien, n\u00e9na rienk 355 an depi son p\u00ebpleman jiska lan\u00e9 2018, 170\u00e8m laniv\u00e8rs\u00e8r labolisyon l\u00e9sklavaj. Dann 355 zan\u00e9-la, n\u00e9na 185 an, dizon in p\u00eb pl\u00fcs la moiti\u00e9, la-\u00e9spasse dann l\u00e9pok l\u00e9sklavaj, maronaj ossi <span class=\"NOTE_MARKER\" rel=\"0.7579956129145786\" aria-label=\" Maron i \u00e9kri rienk av\u00e8k in \u00ab r \u00bb, in \u00ab n \u00bb konm po \u00ab marone \u00bb, \u00ab maron\u00e8r \u00bb, \u00ab maronaj \u00bb : daborinn akoz in labit\u00fcd patrimonial, parsk i trouve lo mo \u00e9kri konm\u00e7a dan zansien dok\u00fcman l\u00e9pok. D\u2019in ot kot\u00e9 l\u00e9 p\u00e9t\u00e9t inportan f\u00e9 in dif\u00e9rans sanm bann zomonime konm lo l\u00e9g\u00fcm-frui, la koul\u00e8r. Anpl\u00fcs ke \u00e7a nou va gaingne ans\u00e8rve lo nom, laj\u00e9ktif, verb, \u00e9pila kan n\u00e9na lo f\u00e9minin, lo maskulin, lo singuli\u00e9, lo pl\u00fcri\u00e8l.\">&nbsp;<\/span>. Parlf\u00e8te, maronaj l\u00e9 in kons\u00e9kans l\u00e9sklavaj.<\/h2>\n<div style=\"width: 525px;\" class=\"wp-video\"><!--[if lt IE 9]><script>document.createElement('video');<\/script><![endif]-->\n<video class=\"wp-video-shortcode\" id=\"video-13937-1\" width=\"525\" height=\"295\" poster=\"https:\/\/www.portail-esclavage-reunion.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/poster_rabasahala.jpg\" preload=\"metadata\" controls=\"controls\"><source type=\"video\/mp4\" src=\"https:\/\/www.portail-esclavage-reunion.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/Charlotte-RABESAHALA_1.mp4?_=1\" \/><a href=\"https:\/\/www.portail-esclavage-reunion.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/Charlotte-RABESAHALA_1.mp4\">https:\/\/www.portail-esclavage-reunion.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/Charlotte-RABESAHALA_1.mp4<\/a><\/video><\/div>\n<p>\u00ab Pti \u00bb sinon\u00e7a \u00ab gran \u00bb, i d\u00e9pande konbien d\u2019tan l\u00e9sklav la-shape lo dom\u00e8n lo maitr\u2019, lo maronaj i ropr\u00e9zante la lib\u00e9rasyon l\u00e9sklav par l\u00fc-m\u00e8m, par son r\u00e9volt\u2019, san atande son maitr\u2019 i d\u00e9sside \u00e9vant\u00fc\u00e8lman afranshir al\u00fc.<\/p>\n<p>Lo maronaj, sirtou lo \u00ab gran maronaj \u00bb, \u00e7a in mouvman la-r\u00e8ste lontan flou. Soman la-bien marke la sossi\u00e9t\u00e9 r\u00e9nyon\u00e9. L\u00fc la-f\u00e9 \u00e9n\u00e8te in takon komanse, la-nouri in limajin\u00e8r kol\u00e9ktif bien vivan. L\u00fc la-poze ossi in vr\u00e9 markaj dessi lo t\u00e9ritoir, akoz in bonp\u00e9 landroi ou\u00e7a bann maron la-pass\u00e9 i port e zot nom. Bann nom kol\u00e9 \u00e8k bann landroi remarkab, konm Anchain po lo piton m\u00e8m nom, Dimitile dan lo S\u00fcd, i rande in lomaj demoun la-marke listoir lil Bourbon-La R\u00e9nyon. Jordi, dapr\u00e9 bann z\u00e9t\u00fcd lo <em>Service R\u00e9gional de l\u2019Inventaire<\/em> la-f\u00e9 na-pwin tro lontan, lo gran maronaj i amonte in morso inportan listoir l\u00e9sklavaj : lo shemin po la dinit\u00e9 bann bononm, bann fanm l\u00e9t\u00e9 depi promi\u00e9 d\u00e9b\u00fc kondan\u00e9 po \u00e8te kraz\u00e9 konm rien.<\/p>\n<p>Depi bann promi\u00e9 Malgash la-d\u00e9barke dann lil Bourbon &#8211; La R\u00e9nyon, lo mois d\u2019novanm 1663, lo maronaj i \u00e9gziste. Banna l\u00e9t\u00e9 10 \u00ab s\u00e9rvit\u00e8r \u00bb, dizon pl\u00fcto z\u00e9sklav, zot la-vn\u00fc ansanm deu kolon frans\u00e9, Louis Payen \u00e8k Pierre Pau (ou Paul Cauzan ?) po vive dann lil Bourbon, \u00e9pila po m\u00e8te an-plasse lo komansman in pop\u00fclasyon p\u00e8rmanan.<br \/>\nL\u00e8rk banna la-komanse abite t\u00e8rla in disp\u00fcte la-p\u00e9t\u00e9, ala koman Urbain Souchu de Rennefort<span class=\"NOTE_MARKER\" rel=\"0.7557187316479037\" aria-label=\"Urbain Souchu de Rennefort (1668) Relation du premier voyage de la Cie des Indes Orientales en lisle de Madagascar ou Dauphine, sh\u00e9 Pierre Aubouin, Cour du Palais, Paris. Anvoy\u00e9 po Monseigneur Colbert, p\u00fcbli\u00e9 lan\u00e9 1668.\">&nbsp;<\/span>, <em>Secr\u00e9taire de l\u2019Etat de la France Orientale<\/em> la-rakonte zistoir-la :<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>\u00a02 Frans\u00e9 sanm 10 n\u00e8g, t\u00e9 i abite dann lil-la, 7 bononm, 3 fanm t\u00e9 i sorte lil Madagaskar. Apr\u00e9 in bata\u00efye sanm bann Frans\u00e9, bann Malgash la-sove dan la montagn t\u00e8lmani\u00e8r p\u00e8rsone t\u00e9 i gaingne pa trape azot sinon\u00e7a voir ou\u00e7a zot l\u00e9t\u00e9. Bann Malgash la-ak\u00fcze bann Frans\u00e9, konm koi banna la-t\u00fc\u00e9 zot papa. Zot t\u00e9 fine desside t\u00fc\u00e9 lo 2\u00a0Frans\u00e9. Soman konm banna lav\u00e9 d\u00e9kouve zot maniganse, bann Malgash la-pr\u00e9f\u00e8re shap\u00e9 po al\u00e9 kashi\u00e8te loin bann Frans\u00e9, loin zot f\u00fczi. La-anvoye 6 solda rode azot. Banna la-done pak\u00e9 po rien. Bann Malgash t\u00e9 fine arive dan landroi difissil po al\u00e9<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>Souchu de Rennefort lav\u00e9 gaingne bann rans\u00e8yman-l\u00e0 sanm Payen l\u00fc-m\u00e8m. Zot la-voyaje ansanm dessi <em>la Vierge du Bon Port<\/em>, lan\u00e9 1666.<br \/>\nLa r\u00e9volt\u2019 i pousse bann Malgash vole shemin po al\u00e9 maron dan l\u00e9-O. Zot va artourne lontan apr\u00e9 lariv\u00e9 \u00c9tienne Regnault, lan\u00e9 1665, akoz l\u00fc lav\u00e9 prom\u00e8te i p\u00fcni arpa zot. \u00ab Zot\u00bb i v\u00eb dire toute demoun anparmi bann promi\u00e9 d\u00e9bark\u00e9, m\u00e9soman l\u00e9 pa bien pr\u00e9ssi. Okin dok\u00fcman i di ki\u00e7a la-arvn\u00fc, ki\u00e7a la-pa arvn\u00fc. T\u00e9 i kon\u00e9 rienk lo nom, lo pr\u00e9nom lo troi fiy, zot laj apepr\u00e9. Apark\u00e7a t\u00e9 i kon\u00e9 pa rien dessi lo 7 bononm, ondir\u00e9 zot t\u00e9 i int\u00e9r\u00e8sse pa p\u00e8rsone. D\u00e9ta\u00efy-la n\u00e9na son linportans po konprande la suite, la n\u00e9ssans lo mist\u00e8r lo roiyom int\u00e9ri\u00ebr bann maron dann sirk Salazi, pr\u00e9ssiz\u00e9man dessi Piton Anchain. N\u00e9na in bon pak\u00e9 zindisse i f\u00e9 konprande k\u2019 anparmi bann bononm lil Bourbon, n\u00e9na inn l\u00e9t\u00e9 ankor an-maronaj, in d\u00e9nom\u00e9 Anchain. L\u00fc la-m\u00e8te an-plasse in solide fondasyon po in lorganizasyon sossio-politik, t\u00e8lmani\u00e8r bann maron i gaingne am\u00e8ne in r\u00e9zistans.<\/p>\n<p>Av\u00e8k lo d\u00e9kr\u00e9 lo 28 oute 1670, l\u00e9sklavaj i devien lo moyen sossio-\u00e9konomik po la prod\u00fcksyon dan lo nouvo koloni. Po suive la demande lo ministr\u2019 Colbert, lo <em>Conseil d&#8217;\u00c9tat<\/em> i rande l\u00e9sklavaj ofissi\u00e8l an-Franse, \u00e9pila i ogmante al\u00fc ankor pl\u00fcs.<br \/>\nL\u00e9 vr\u00e9, t\u00e9 i pratike d\u00e9ja l\u00e9sklavaj lil Bourbon, soman rokon\u00e9ssans-la i done bann kolon blan la possibilt\u00e9 ranforse la tr\u00e8te bann Noir.<\/p>\n<p>M\u00e8m-tan, bann z\u00e9sklav i rof\u00fcze plizanpl\u00fcs zot kondisyon, kissoi individ\u00fc\u00e8lman, kissoi a-pluzi\u00e8r, konm dan lo maronaj. Dapr\u00e9 la kantit\u00e9 demoun kons\u00e8rn\u00e9, la d\u00fcr\u00e9, c\u00e9 lo maronaj bann z\u00e9sklav t\u00e9 i ans\u00e8rve pl\u00fcs po r\u00e9volte azot. Pandan toute la tr\u00e8te, lo maronaj la-jam\u00e9 ar\u00e9t\u00e9 kan-m\u00e8m la r\u00e9pr\u00e9ssion l\u00e9t\u00e9 plizanpl\u00fcs f\u00e9rosse. Promi\u00e9 d\u00e9b\u00fc i done kou-d\u2019shabouk po p\u00fcni, apr\u00e9\u00e7a po korije bann r\u00e9ssidivist\u2019, va marke azot sanm lo fl\u00e8r d\u2019 lys sinon\u00e7a sanm lo l\u00e8t \u00ab M \u00bb, i sava jiska koupe zor\u00e8y san\u00e7a lo pi\u00e9. Kan i kapaye in gran maron<span class=\"NOTE_MARKER\" rel=\"0.10646523173551081\" aria-label=\"Kan i koze dessi \u00ab maron \u00bb, sirtou in gran maron, i koze dessi in l\u00e9skav la-lib\u00e8re al\u00fc par l\u00fc-m\u00e8m. Alors, fo di ankor in l\u00e9sklav ? Lo vokab\u00fcl\u00e8r l\u00e9 inportan, lo t\u00e8ks-la i shoizi r\u00e9sp\u00e8kte lo shanjman d\u2019sit\u00fcasyon : lo maron l\u00e9 p\u00fc in l\u00e9sklav. Antoul\u00e9ka, jordi, l\u00e9 pl\u00fcs m\u00e9y\u00e8r shanje mani\u00e8r koz\u00e9, kan i koze dessi lo sist\u00e8m l\u00e9sklavaj, sirtou kan i koze dessi maronaj. Jiska l\u2019h\u00e8r, la vizion bann kolon i domine ankor tro la mani\u00e8r voir.\">&nbsp;<\/span>, la-fine \u00e9ss\u00e8ye sove troi fois, i kondane al\u00fc a-mor. Soman \u00e7a i d\u00e9kouraje pa ditou lo gran maron, lo gran marone. Po zot l ib\u00e8rt\u00e9, zot dinit\u00e9, zot la-pa p\u00ebr la mor.<\/p>\n<p>A-vr\u00e9 dire, n\u00e9na deu kalit\u00e9 maronaj. Lo promi\u00e9 l\u00e9 tanzantan, dizon i arive toudinkou. Kan l\u00e9sklav i s\u00fcporte p\u00fc son kondisyon, l\u00fc kite lo dom\u00e8n inn koupe-de-tan, apr\u00e9 l\u00fc arvien, souvan par l\u00fc-m\u00e8m, parsk l\u00e9 pa fassil ditou, invante tiktak po s\u00fcrvive dan l\u00e9-O. Kan l\u00e9sklav i sove konm\u00e7a, souvand\u00e9foi c\u00e9 akoz in mov\u00e9 maltr\u00e9tans i done al\u00fc l\u00e9lan po vole shemin. L\u00e9 possib ossi l\u00fc sove dovan in p\u00fcnisyon tro d\u00fcr, inj\u00fcst, san\u00e7a akoz l\u00fc la p\u00ebr p\u00fcnisyon-la, in tro tip\u00eb manj\u00e9, in m\u00ebnasse de mor, san\u00e7a bann travay inpossib po f\u00e9. T\u00e9 i ap\u00e8le azot \u00ab <em>renards<\/em> \u00bb. Bann d\u00e9fil\u00ebr-la lav\u00e9-parti maron san in lorganizasyon. D\u00e9foi, pa tro loin zot bitasyon, kan zot t\u00e9 i gaingne pa f\u00e9 otroman. La vie an-d\u00e9or l\u00e9t\u00e9 si t\u00e8lman difissil, t\u00e9 i arive, zot t\u00e9 i artrourne bitasyon par zot m\u00e8m.<\/p>\n<p>Lo deuzi\u00e8m maronaj, i ap\u00e8le al\u00fc \u00ab lo gran \u00bb, l\u00e9 bien kalk\u00fcl\u00e9. Parlf\u00e8te, l\u00fc l\u00e9 pr\u00e9par\u00e9 depi lontan, souvan an-group sinon\u00e7a \u00e8k lo kou-d\u2019min in group. Maronaj-la l\u00e9 in moronaj str\u00fckt\u00fcr\u00e8l, l\u00fc kons\u00e8rne tout\u2019 \u00e7at i ro f\u00fcze n\u00e8t, depi promi\u00e9 d\u00e9b\u00fc, lo sist\u00e8m l\u00e9sklavaj. Zot i f\u00e9 toute zot kapab po kite sist\u00e8m-la par ninport\u00e9k\u00e8l mani\u00e8r. Dann l\u00e9t\u00fcde-la, nou va koze rienk dessi bann gran maron, \u00e7at lo rosh\u00e8rsh istorik i rokon\u00e9 jordi.<\/p>\n<p>Lo gran maronaj l\u00e9 in mani\u00e8r gaingne son lotonomi, po bati in monde lib san l\u00e9sklavaj. Dan lil Bourbon, bann maron i rode am\u00e8ne in proj\u00e9 d\u2019r\u00e9vol\u00fcsyon politik, sossial po m\u00e8te an-plasse in l\u00e9ta lib, lo roiyom lint\u00e9ri\u00ebr, kontr\u2019 lo gouv\u00e8rnman i r\u00e8gne dessi lo litoral \u00e8k lo r\u00e9stan lil.<\/p>\n<p>I pr\u00e9tan c\u00e9 Anchain lo promi\u00e9 zarboutan roiyom-la. Dapr\u00e9 Eug\u00e8ne Dayot, kashi\u00e8te dessi son piton, l\u00fc t\u00e9 ak\u00e8ye, l\u00fc t\u00e9 organize, l\u00fc t\u00e9 ordone bann group maron inn \u00e8k l\u2019ot :<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>Anl\u00e8r son piton, l\u00e9t\u00e9 in bon landroi po v\u00e8ye bann signal i anonse lariv\u00e9 bann Blan\u2026 Souvand\u00e9foi, t\u00e9 i lanse in signal depi anl\u00e8r lo piton po f\u00e9 in rassanbleman, kan lav\u00e9 in gro d\u00e9tashman t\u00e9 i antoure bann bandi \u00e8k zot troup\u2019 l\u00e8rk zot l\u00e9t\u00e9 apo shasse kabri sovaj.<span class=\"NOTE_MARKER\" rel=\"0.46283861077151345\" aria-label=\"Eug\u00e8ne Dayot (1977), Bourbon pittoresque, L\u00e9disyon Croix-Sud, Nouvelle Imprimerie Dyon\u00e9sienne, Sin-Dni La R\u00e9nyon, l\u00e9 p\u00fcbli\u00e9 promi\u00e9 foi lan\u00e9 1839, in boute dan Le Cr\u00e9ole, apr\u00e9\u00e7a lan\u00e9 1844 dan lo Courrier de Saint-Paul p. 51. Roman-la, kan i m\u00e8te anl\u00e8r bann chasseurs de Noirs, i f\u00e9 rovive lo gran maronaj, m\u00e9soman lo bann r\u00e9f\u00e9rans istorik l\u00e9 pa-\u00e9gal selon bann p\u00e8rsonaj. Na d\u00e9foi lo bann p\u00e8rsonaj l\u00e9 vr\u00e9man imajin\u00e8r.\">&nbsp;<\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<figure id=\"attachment_385\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-385\" style=\"width: 580px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.portail-esclavage-reunion.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/ill-1-frad974-40fi95-salazie-piton-d-enchaine-web.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"taille-initiale wp-image-385 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/www.portail-esclavage-reunion.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/ill-1-frad974-40fi95-salazie-piton-d-enchaine-web.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"580\" height=\"763\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.portail-esclavage-reunion.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/ill-1-frad974-40fi95-salazie-piton-d-enchaine-web.jpg 580w, https:\/\/www.portail-esclavage-reunion.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/ill-1-frad974-40fi95-salazie-piton-d-enchaine-web-228x300.jpg 228w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 580px) 100vw, 580px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-385\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Salazi, Piton d\u2019Enchaine. Hippolyte Charles Napol\u00e9on Mortier de Tr\u00e9vise. Lan\u00e9 1861. L\u00e9stanp. <br \/>Kol\u00e9ksyon Zarshiv D\u00e9partman La R\u00e9nyon<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Lo maronaj va marke lil an-profond\u00ebr \u00e9pila po toultan \u00e8k Anchain konm p\u00e8rsonaj anbl\u00e9matik. L\u00fc l\u00e9t\u00e9 anparmi lo 10 promi\u00e9 Malgash maron. M\u00e8m si in bonp\u00e9 t\u00e9 fine ardsande bor litoral, Anchain, l\u00fc, l\u00fc la-r\u00e8ste dan l\u00e9-O ansanm p\u00ebt\u00e8t deu-troi dalon, n\u2019i kon\u00e9 p\u00fc kom\u00e9la. Anchain, pl\u00fcto Saina son vr\u00e9 nom, Anchain t\u00e9 i v\u00eb dire \u00ab laba la kaz Saina \u00bb l\u00e9t\u00e9 lo pl\u00fc gran sh\u00e8f maron lil Bourbon-La R\u00e9nyon. Promi\u00e9 d\u00e9b\u00fc, ladministrasyon Bourbon t\u00e9 i kroi pa tro dann l\u00e9gzistans lo s\u00e9l\u00e8b roiyom maron lint\u00e8ri\u00ebr. Soman apr\u00e9, in bann kolon kapon\u00e8r la-koze toultan dessi roiyom-la. L\u00e9t\u00e9 in mani\u00e8r po zot f\u00e9 rokon\u00e8te zot droi shasse bann maron k\u2019i d\u00e9ssande po vole zot bien. Kanm\u00e8m nav\u00e9 p\u00fc bonp\u00e9 landroi po zot kashi\u00e8te akoz lagrandisman lo dom\u00e8n bann Blan, nav\u00e9 plizanpl\u00fcs bann maron.<\/p>\n<p>Kan bann z\u00e9sklav la-kite bann bitasyon po sorte dann la s\u00e9rvilit\u00e9, l\u00e9t\u00e9 pa rienk po al\u00e9 kashi\u00e8t\u00e8 dan l\u00e9-O, l\u00e9t\u00e9 ossi po mi\u00eb sobate, po bati in sossi\u00e9t\u00e9 lib pl\u00fcs an-r\u00e9sp\u00e9 bann val\u00e8r bann bononm, bann fanm maron lav\u00e9 jam\u00e9 largue zot dinit\u00e9, zot demounit\u00e9. Jordi n\u2019i kon\u00e9, Madagaskar lav\u00e9 in gran tradisyon maronaj akoz la tr\u00e8te arabo-m\u00fcz\u00fclman depi lo 8\u00e8m si\u00e8k amont\u00e9. Alorse mod\u00e8l la r\u00e9zistans la-d\u00e9vlop\u00e9 dann p\u00e9i-la. Bann <em>Bemihimpa<\/em>, maron malgash, lav\u00e9 kr\u00e9\u00e9 pl\u00fczi\u00e8r sossi\u00e9t\u00e9 ind\u00e9pandan kissoi politikman kissoi \u00e9konomikman. La pr\u00ebve : lo bann zakor bann Bemihimpa lav\u00e9 passe ansanm l\u00e9zot roiyom tout-otour, po f\u00e9 zalians sinon\u00e7a po d\u00e9fande azot toultan zot la-vive kot\u00e9 l\u2019inn-\u00e9-l\u2019ot.<\/p>\n<p>An-konpar\u00e9zon sanm d\u2019ot maronaj, konm bann Maroni la Gwiyann, bann <em>Bemihimpa<\/em> Tampoketsa Madagaskar, bann <em>Betsiriry<\/em> Madagaskar ossi, lo gran maronaj lil Bourbon la-pa niabou organize in lantit\u00e9 rokon\u00fc, r\u00e9sp\u00e8kt\u00e9 konm in p\u00ebp lib ind\u00e9pandan. La situasyon t\u00e9 i p\u00e8rm\u00e8te pa. L\u00e9t\u00e9 difissil partaje lo t\u00e9ritoir s\u00e9r\u00e9 Bourbon akoz la pop\u00fclasyon t\u00e9 i ogmante f\u00fcramezir bann si\u00e8k. Soman toute bann kondisyon l\u00e9t\u00e9 l\u00e0.<\/p>\n<p>L\u00e9gzistans-m\u00e8m lo roiyom maron \u2013 ipot\u00e9tik sinon\u00e7a r\u00e9\u00e8l ? \u2013 la bien fatigue ladministrasyon kolonial. \u00c7a i \u00e9splike son politik pr\u00e9vantiv \u00e9pila r\u00e9pr\u00e9ssiv k\u2019i shanje d\u2019inn \u00e9pok a-l\u2019ot, po konbate lo maronaj. An-vr\u00e9, bann kolon lav\u00e9 antand\u00fc rienk d\u00e9-troi son dessi in gran lorganizasyon s\u00ebkr\u00e9 dan bann sirk, zot t\u00e9 i majine \u00e7a a-partir bann zindisse, konm lo nom bann roi, bann r\u00e8ne, m\u00e9-soman zot t\u00e9 i rante pa jam\u00e9 dan bann landroi t\u00e9rib, anpl\u00fcs bien prot\u00e9j\u00e9. Soman zot la toujour kon\u00fc ke lo gran maronaj l\u00e9t\u00e9 in vr\u00e9 danj\u00e9.<\/p>\n<p>Lan\u00e9 1705, l\u00e8rk lo trib\u00fcnal i kondane koupe lo pi\u00e9 droite in j\u00e8n shef maron vayan, Pitsana (lo roi Pitre k\u2019i ranplasse Anchain dan lo roman Eug\u00e8ne Dayot\u2026 podvr\u00e9 ossi !), po bann j\u00fcj, toute bann lak\u00fczasyon t\u00e9 i porte dessi bann r\u00e9volt\u00e9 l\u00e9t\u00e9 kl\u00e8r : \u00ab <em>zarm dan la min, al\u00e9 assassine lo gouv\u00e8rn\u00ebr son kaz \u00e8k toute demoun ansanm l\u00fc, po prande lo pouvoir lil Bourbon<\/em> \u00bb.<\/p>\n<p>Lan\u00e9 1714, lo maronaj i ogmante, sirtou parsk anparmi lo 623 zabitan, n\u00e9na 534 z\u00e9sklav. Alorse bann z\u00e9sklav t\u00e9 i kroi azot pl\u00fc for. In p\u00eb apr\u00e9, l\u00e8rk la k\u00fcltir kaf\u00e9 obligatoir i d\u00e9mare, la pop\u00fclasyon s\u00e8rvil i ogmante ankor pl\u00fcs po k\u00fcltive d\u2019ot nouvo t\u00e8rin. Rantr\u2019 1730-1734, rienk po Sin-Pol, 349 z\u00e9sklav i sava maron.<\/p>\n<p>Dan lo maronaj i trouve bononm, fanm, zanfan. Ou\u00e7a ou va trouve bann gran sh\u00e8f san zot madanm ? Anchain san H\u00e9va<span class=\"NOTE_MARKER\" rel=\"0.4684560423799258\" aria-label=\"Jordi, bann resh\u00e8rshe i gaingne pa ankor prouve l\u00e9gzistans H\u00e9va, soman l\u00e9 s\u00fcr lav\u00e9 in fanm ansanm Anchain.\">&nbsp;<\/span> ? Manzak san Reine Fouche, Massaky<span class=\"NOTE_MARKER\" rel=\"0.8856009110578957\" aria-label=\"Depi lontan l\u00e9t\u00e9 pa bon la mani\u00e8r la-int\u00e8rpr\u00e9te lo nom-la, lamayaj rantr\u2019 \u00ab f \u00bb \u00e8k \u00ab s \u00bb la-m\u00e8te in l\u00e9r\u00e8r rantr\u2019 lo p\u00e8rsonaj Mafate \u00e8k Massaky (Massack), in maron l\u00e9t\u00e9 t\u00fc\u00e9 m\u00e8m tan son fanm Rahariane.\">&nbsp;<\/span> (Massack) san Rahariane, Gr\u00e9goire san Soa (Soya), Z\u00e9lindor san Kala, Lav\u00e8rdure san Sarlava (Sarlave), Fanga san Mariane ? \u00c9pila d\u2019ot bann momon vayan, gu\u00e9ry\u00e9.<\/p>\n<p>Bann fanm l\u00e9 kondan\u00e9 par\u00e8y bann bononm. Lo 20 d\u00e9ssanm 1711, in groupe 19 z\u00e9sklav dif\u00e9ran z\u00e9tni l\u00e9 kondan\u00e9 parsk zot la-vole in kanot po sove Madagaskar. 5 bononm \u00e8k 1 fanm l\u00e9 konsid\u00e9r\u00e9 konm sh\u00e8f. Po 2 bononm va koupe lo pi\u00e9, 3 va gaingne 200 kou-d\u2019shabouk. Marie, 30 an ap\u00ebpr\u00e9, inn anparmi bann r\u00e9volt\u00e9, ak\u00fcz\u00e9 konm \u00ab <em>complice au premier chef\u00a0<\/em>\u00bb, va gaingne 100 kou-d\u2019shabouk, \u00e9pila va koupe son n\u00e9 \u00e8k son deu zor\u00e8y. L\u00e8rk bann shass\u00e8r i ans\u00e8rkle zot kanp dann bordaj la ravine, n\u00e9na ossi in bonp\u00e9 fanm marone i largue zot kor dann ranpar \u00e8k zot zanfan dann bra, po nargue bann shass\u00ebr in d\u00e8rni\u00e9 koup.<\/p>\n<p>Fondamantalman, bann fanm i ranforsi zot l\u00e9gzistans marone l\u00e8rk zot i f\u00e9 \u00e9n\u00e8te zanfan, bann zanfan-la l\u00e9 azot, l\u00e9 pa zanfan bann maitr\u2019. Maron po domin, i ap\u00e8le azot \u00ab <em>cr\u00e9oles des bois<\/em> \u00bb. Bann fanm marone i invante in ot\u2019 mani\u00e8r vive l\u00e8rk zot i monte in famiy, dan in lanvironman priv\u00e9, prot\u00e9j\u00e9, lib : bann kanp maron. Toute bann shoz normal, soman, dann lo dom\u00e8n bann maitr\u2019 i rof\u00fcze \u00e7a po z\u00e9sklav.<br \/>\nD\u2019in-ot\u2019 kot\u00e9, l\u00e8rk bann bononm i sava bata\u00efy, i f\u00e9 d\u2019razia, bann fanm marone i r\u00e8ste dann kanp. Si lo bann bononm i artourne pa apr\u00e9 zot l\u00e9sp\u00e9disyon, bien-s\u00fcr bann fanm i prande la r\u00e9sponsabilit\u00e9 la vie dann kanp, s\u00efrtou la vie bann zanfan. Zot i garanti lontan la vie lo kanp tank bann <em>chasseurs de Noirs<\/em> i trouve pa zot vilaj po kraze toute.<\/p>\n<p>\u00c7a la-ariv\u00e9 <em>l\u2019\u00celet \u00e0 Corde<\/em> Silaos lo mois d\u2019juin 1751. Bann shass\u00ebr la-r\u00e8ste kam\u00fc l\u00e8rk zot la tonbe dessi in kanp maron ou\u00e7a lav\u00e9 jiska troi j\u00e9n\u00e9rasyon d\u2019marone \u00e8k zanfan. Lo shass\u00ebr Edme Cerveau \u00ab <em>i t\u00fc\u00e9 in vi\u00e9 n\u00e9gr\u00e8s i ap\u00e8le Bonne, son fiy, son nom malgash Zavelle, l\u00e9t\u00e9 lo momon Mangalle<\/em> \u00bb.<\/p>\n<p>Lo mois d\u2019mars 1789, po ar\u00e8te lo maronaj partou dann lil, an-m\u00e8m-tan, La Bourdonnais la-organize in grann \u00ab battue \u00bb partou ou\u00e7a lav\u00e9 kanp maron. Promi\u00e9 fois la-f\u00e9 in l\u00e9sp\u00e9disyon konm\u00e7a, la-mobilize, la-m\u00e8te ansanm pr\u00e8ske toute bann d\u00e9tashman d\u2019shass\u00ebr d\u2019Noir lav\u00e9 dessi lil. Bann-la la-lanse latak an-m\u00e8m-tan.<\/p>\n<p>Lo r\u00e9z\u00fclta la grann \u00ab <em>battue<\/em> \u00bb l\u00e9t\u00e9 t\u00e9rib po bann maron, soman la pa fini azot, zot la-kontin\u00fc\u00e9 sobate kan-m\u00e8m.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_387\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-387\" style=\"width: 800px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.portail-esclavage-reunion.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/ill-2-1995-40-isle-dauphine-web.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-387 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/www.portail-esclavage-reunion.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/ill-2-1995-40-isle-dauphine-web.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"1053\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.portail-esclavage-reunion.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/ill-2-1995-40-isle-dauphine-web.jpg 800w, https:\/\/www.portail-esclavage-reunion.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/ill-2-1995-40-isle-dauphine-web-228x300.jpg 228w, https:\/\/www.portail-esclavage-reunion.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/ill-2-1995-40-isle-dauphine-web-768x1011.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.portail-esclavage-reunion.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/ill-2-1995-40-isle-dauphine-web-778x1024.jpg 778w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 767px) 89vw, (max-width: 1000px) 54vw, (max-width: 1071px) 543px, 580px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-387\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Isle Dauphine. Sanson, Guillaume. Lan\u00e9 1741. L\u00e9stanp. <br \/>Kol\u00e9ksyon M\u00fcz\u00e9 de Vill\u00e8le<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Promi\u00e9 d\u00e9b\u00fc lo maronaj, t\u00e9 i trouve sirtou z\u00e9sklav malgash. Parlf\u00e8te, dann bonp\u00e9 zansien dok\u00fcman souvand\u00e9foi i ap\u00e8le <em>Madagaskarin<\/em> bann maron d\u2019Bourbon. Lo maronaj l\u00e9 akoz in gran b\u00e9zoin d\u2019j\u00fcstisse \u00e8k lib\u00e8rt\u00e9, l\u00e9 vr\u00e9 (l\u00e9 par\u00e8y po toute z\u00e9sklav, Zindien, Zafrikin, Shinoi sinon\u00e7a Mal\u00e9 !), m\u00e9-soman, bann Malgash nav\u00e9 d\u2019ot r\u00e9zon k\u2019l\u00e9zot z\u00e9sklav lav\u00e9 pwin. Anparmi bann gran maron nav\u00e9 pl\u00fcs Malgash promi\u00e9 konm deuzi\u00e8m j\u00e9n\u00e9rasyon, p\u00ebt\u00e8t m\u00e8m apr\u00e9 ankor (lo nom \u00ab kr\u00e9ol \u00bb i di pa k\u00e8l p\u00e9i banna i sorte). N\u00e9na deu r\u00e9zon inportan i \u00e9ksplike \u00e7a.<\/p>\n<h4>Lo promi\u00e9 r\u00e9zon : zot gran kantit\u00e9 promi\u00e9 d\u00e9b\u00fc la koloni la-favorize in lantante rantr\u2019 zot<\/h4>\n<p>Rienk lontan apr\u00e9 nora pl\u00fcs z\u00e9sklav dif\u00e9ran lorijine. Promi\u00e9 d\u00e9b\u00fc, Madagaskar l\u00e9t\u00e9 lo prinsipal sourse po la tr\u00e8te z\u00e9sklav, Linde lav\u00e9 moinse. Anpl\u00fcs ke \u00e7a, konm bann Malgash lav\u00e9 la shans koze in m\u00e8m lang, zot t\u00e9 i p\u00eb kom\u00fcnike pl\u00fcs fassilman. Akoz \u00e7a-m\u00e8m n\u00e9na z\u00e9sklav la-sov\u00e9 d\u00e8k zot la-d\u00e9bark\u00e9 san passe par bann bitasyon : par \u00e9gzanpe Tsimanandia<span class=\"NOTE_MARKER\" rel=\"0.9009018484426541\" aria-label=\"Tsimanandia l\u00e9 in nom i kor\u00e8sponde a\u00e8l bien, \u00ab lo vavangu\u00e8z \u00bb an-malgash konm po lo nom son garson Tsifanoro \u00ab \u00e7at n\u2019i amontre pa \u00bb.\">&nbsp;<\/span> (Simanand\u00e9) \u00e8k son garson Tsifanora (Tsifaron), Lislet Geoffroy la-tonbe dessi zot dan l\u00e9-O. Tsimanandia i di \u00e8l i kon\u00e9 pa son \u00ab maitr\u2019 \u00bb, \u00e8l la-jam\u00e9 v\u00fc al\u00fc, \u00e8l la-toujour vive dann lil konm marone. L\u00e8rk \u00e8l la-ariv\u00e9, la-f\u00e9 rante a\u00e8l dan in groupe maron. Ap\u00e8n ariv\u00e9, deu-troi z\u00e9sklav i tarde pa po sov\u00e9, sit\u00e8lman vite, bann maitr\u2019 la-m\u00e8m pwin lo tan kon\u00e8te azot.<\/p>\n<p>Par\u00e8y po lo maitr\u2019 Morel. Lo 29 j\u00fcli\u00e9 1733, l\u00fc d\u00e9klare Rasiva, inn anparmi son bann z\u00e9sklav, la-sov\u00e9, \u00ab t\u00e9 i vi\u00e8ne sorte Madagaskar \u00bb. L\u00fc t\u00e9 i kon\u00e9 pa lo nouvo nom frans\u00e9 la-done a\u00e8l. M\u00e8m lan\u00e9, in bonp\u00e9 z\u00e9sklav la <em>Compagnie<\/em> t\u00e9 i trava\u00efye dessi shanti\u00e9, la-sov\u00e9 ap\u00e8n ariv\u00e9 lil Bourbon.<\/p>\n<p>L\u00e9pok l\u00e9skalvaj, la lang malgash, m\u00e8m si lav\u00e9 deu-troi vari\u00e9t\u00e9 r\u00e9jional, l\u00e9t\u00e9 konpri par toute demoun i sorte Madagaskar. \u00c7a la-p\u00e8rm\u00e8te in kom\u00fcnikasyon \u00e9pila in lantante rantr\u2019 zot. Somank\u00e9, lo bon kom\u00fcnikasyon rantr\u2019 bann maron \u00e8k bann z\u00e9sklav lav\u00e9 r\u00e8ste dann bitasyon la-ranforsi lo roiyom lint\u00e8ri\u00ebr. N\u00e9na bonp\u00e9 sit\u00fcasyon i amontre koman z\u00e9sklav-la la-done in bon kou-d\u2019min bann gran maron dann zot batay.<\/p>\n<p>Parlf\u00e8te, dan lo groupe lo roi Lav\u00e8rdure, Kapit\u00e8n Dimitile i ok\u00fcpe lo s\u00e9rvisse rans\u00e8yman. Dann s\u00e8rvisse-la n\u00e9na z\u00e9spion anparmi bann z\u00e9sklav, zot i f\u00e9 vativien toultan rantr\u2019 bann bitasyon po ramasse zinformasyon. Jean, in l\u00e9sklav Desforges, pti maron depi lontan, i done rans\u00e8yman dessi lo mouvman bann shass\u00e8r, i majine lo strat\u00e9ji po lo groupe : \u00ab <em>amuze pa po monte in kanp, kontini\u00e9 marsh\u00e9 pl\u00fcto<\/em> \u00bb toultan k\u2019la shasse i d\u00fcre. Nav\u00e9 p\u00e9t\u00e8t d\u2019ot ka konm\u00e7a dann zot lorganizasyon<\/p>\n<h4>Lo deuzi\u00e8m r\u00e9zon : Madagaskar l\u00e9 jist a-kot\u00e9<\/h4>\n<p>&#8211; 800 km par la m\u00e8r \u2013 \u00e7a i done l\u00e9spoir gaingne artourn\u00e9 an-kanot in moman don\u00e9. R\u00e9zon-la i ranforse lanvi d\u2019sov\u00e9. N\u2019i kon\u00e9 kan deu-troi la-\u00e9ss\u00e8ye artourne par la m\u00e8r zot la-niabou arive o-boute. Malgr\u00e9 lav\u00e9 pwin in bonp\u00e9 la-gaingne trav\u00e8rs\u00e9, lav\u00e9 ass\u00e9 po f\u00e9 l\u00e8ve l\u00e9spoir po \u00e7at l\u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9ja par\u00e9 po bouj\u00e9. I fo ossi bien konprande, tank in l\u00e9sklav la-pa largue lo kor, sof koman l\u00fc va rode in mani\u00e8r po sov\u00e9. In kanot i arm\u00e8ne al\u00fc dann son p\u00e9i sinon\u00e7a l\u00fc mor an-m\u00e8r konm dann in s\u00e9rk\u00e8y \u2014 dan la tradisyon bann Malgash lo pirog i tonbe konm in s\u00e8rk\u00e8y \u2014 \u00e7a i rale po toulbon in moun i kon\u00e9 toute-fasson l\u00fc gaingne arpa jam\u00e9 lon\u00ebr in vr\u00e9 lant\u00e8rman. N\u2019i kon\u00e9, shak fois la-gaingne lokazion trouve in kanot, n\u00e9na z\u00e9sklav la-anprofit\u00e9. La jiska trouve z\u00e9sklav malgash maron t\u00e9 i sorte Lil de Franse po al\u00e9 Madagaskar, konm in fanm \u00ab d\u00e9nom\u00e9 Starige \u00bb, \u00e8l la-arive lil Bourbon dann in pirog lo 22 f\u00e9vri\u00e9 1759<span class=\"NOTE_MARKER\" rel=\"0.05284631697652031\" aria-label=\"ADR, C\u00b0 1065. D\u00e9klarasyon in l\u00e9sklav maron Lil de Franse.\">&nbsp;<\/span>. Ankor inn fois, n\u2019i p\u00eb remarke linportans lo koz\u00e9 malgash dann relasyon rantr\u2019 bann z\u00e9sklav m\u00e8m lorijine kissoi lil Bourbon, kissoi Lil de Franse. \u00c7a i amontre ossi lo kapab in lorganizasyon santral, in \u00ab roiyom \u00bb i gaingne f\u00e9 raproshe demoun bann zil dif\u00e9ran.<\/p>\n<p>Lo roiyom maron lint\u00e8ri\u00ebr la-ranforsi par bann z\u00e9sklav Malgash t\u00e9 i arive toultan an-kantit\u00e9, \u00e8k anpl\u00fcs bann Zindien, bann Mozanbikin la-vn\u00fc apr\u00e8.<\/p>\n<h3>Koman lo roiyom lint\u00e8ri\u00ebr i marshe<\/h3>\n<figure id=\"attachment_389\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-389\" style=\"width: 593px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.portail-esclavage-reunion.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/ill-3-1995-5-grand-de-madagascar-web.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"taille-initiale wp-image-389 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/www.portail-esclavage-reunion.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/ill-3-1995-5-grand-de-madagascar-web-e1631770915507.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"593\" height=\"800\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-389\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ein grosser Herr von Madagascar : Grand de Madagaskar. Lan\u00e9. 1683. L\u00e9stanp. <br \/>Kol\u00e9ksyon M\u00fcz\u00e9 de Vill\u00e8le<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h4>\u00a0Dabor inn, lo roiyom l\u00e9 in lorganizasyon sossial \u00e8k in i\u00e9rarshi dessi lo mod\u00e8l la sossi\u00e9t\u00e9 bann zans\u00e8t.<\/h4>\n<p>Bann nom \u00ab roi \u00bb, \u00ab r\u00e8ne \u00bb, \u00ab kapit\u00e8n \u00bb, in trad\u00fcksyon bann mo malgash, i v\u00eb pa dire gran shoz si i prande pa an-konte lo batay politik \u00e8k l\u00e9zarm k\u2019la-dure bonp\u00eb d\u2019zan\u00e9, la-am\u00e8ne in rolasyon rantr\u2019 bann j\u00e9n\u00e9rasyon d\u2019gu\u00e8ri\u00e9. Kan in sh\u00e8f i tonbe, in li\u00ebtnan i prande son plasse dir\u00e8k, par \u00e9gzanpe kan l\u00e9 oblij\u00e9 ranplasse vitman bann roi po lo pl\u00fcs gran komandman.<\/p>\n<p>Konm\u00e7a-m\u00e8m, lan\u00e9 1752, dann <em>Bras de La Plaine<\/em>, kan la-t\u00fc\u00e9 Laverdure<span class=\"NOTE_MARKER\" rel=\"0.8910781216019463\" aria-label=\"ADR, C\u00b0 995. D\u00e9klarasyon Mussard lo 28 d\u00e9ssanm 1752. ADR po Zarshiv D\u00e9partman La R\u00e9nyon.\">&nbsp;<\/span> rokonu konm \u00ab lo roi toute bann maron \u00bb, lo bien d\u00e9nom\u00e9 Manzak, \u00ab roi \u00bb an-malgash, i ranplasse al\u00fc. Lo 12 oute 1754 t\u00e9 fine rep\u00e8re al\u00fc konm \u00ab roi \u00bb. Lan\u00e9 1758, lo <em>chasseur de Noirs<\/em>, Dugain i t\u00fc\u00e9 al\u00fc<span class=\"NOTE_MARKER\" rel=\"0.667287857871887\" aria-label=\"ADR, C\u00b01000, D\u00e9klarasyon Dugain lo 24 aoute 1758.\">&nbsp;<\/span>.<\/p>\n<p>Dann bann dok\u00fcman i trouve zindisse i amontre parkoman bann groupe konbatan f\u00fcramezir, la-m\u00e8te an-plasse in strat\u00e9ji, in dissipline dizon milit\u00e8r.<\/p>\n<p>L\u00e9 pa drol aprande par \u00e9gzanpe, lan\u00e9 1799, in j\u00e8ne l\u00e9sklav, Henry, i rakonte n\u00e9na bann z\u00e9sklav in plantasyon i sar f\u00e9 lantr\u00e8nman po la gu\u00e8r, bordm\u00e8r, deu fois par som\u00e8n, la nuite<\/p>\n<h4><strong>Deuzi\u00e8m forse lo roiyom : lo kapitalizasyon \u00e8k lorganizasyon bann moiyin lojistik dann in p\u00e8riode longue.<\/strong><\/h4>\n<p>Bann maron t\u00e9 i kon\u00e9 zot sit\u00fcasyon l\u00e9t\u00e9 maliz\u00e9, \u00e9pila zot t\u00e9 i doi kontin\u00fc\u00e9 lo mouvman ansanm demoun riskab i mor ninporte kan, zot la-porte atansyon dessi lo partaj bann kon\u00e9ssans, bann t\u00e9knik zot la-aprande dann maronaj, toute \u00e7ak zot la-ramass\u00e9 ansanm bann j\u00e9n\u00e9rasyon d\u2019maron inn-apr\u00e9-l\u2019ot.<\/p>\n<p>L\u00e8rk in nouvo groupe maron i arive, li arprande lo m\u00e8m kanp, lo m\u00e8m landroi rotir\u00e9 bann maron la-passe avan. \u00c7a la-arive dann in landroi i ap\u00e8le <strong>Berso Pitsana (Pitre)<\/strong>, lo kanp sar ok\u00fcp\u00e9 par in groupe \u00e9pila par in-ot 47 an apr\u00e9. Apr\u00e9 Pitsana \u2014 lo gran sh\u00e8f r\u00e9ssidiviste an-pluzi\u00e8r fois, t\u00e9 kondan\u00e9 mois d\u2019f\u00e9vri\u00e9 1705 f\u00e9 koupe son pi\u00e9 po maronaj, apr\u00e9\u00e7a la-p\u00fc trouve son trasse \u2014 mois d\u2019aoute 1752, Laverdure \u00e8k son groupe po sove dovan Mussard t\u00e9 oblij\u00e9 kite kanp-la.<\/p>\n<p>Par\u00e8y po lo site ark\u00e9olojik la \u00ab <em>vall\u00e9e secr\u00e8te<\/em> \u00bb Tsilaosa : nora pl\u00fczi\u00e8r groupe maron an-suivan, va r\u00e8ste dann kanp-la. Bann chasseurs de Noirs t\u00e9 i majine m\u00e8m pa zot t\u00e9 la.<\/p>\n<p>In r\u00e9zo santi\u00e9 sinp (t\u00e9 i voi pa tro) m\u00e9 soman \u00e9fikasse, t\u00e9 i rakorde dif\u00e9ran poin lo roiyom \u00e9pila t\u00e9 i rande bann d\u00e9plasman pl\u00fcs fassil. Par \u00e9gzanpe c\u00e9 bann maron la-trasse in promi\u00e9 santi\u00e9 depi Sin-B\u00e9noi jiska Sin-Pi\u00e8r par <em>les Plaines.<\/em> Lan\u00e9 1752, santi\u00e9-la l\u00e9 agrandi, i dovien inn route ofissi\u00e8l.<\/p>\n<p>Lo sist\u00e8m toponimik lanvironman bann maron i amontre bien koman zot la-ramasse in gran kantit\u00e9 kon\u00e9ssans, in bonp\u00e9 t\u00e9knik dann toute bann zan\u00e9 maronaj. Sist\u00e8m-la i done in linvant\u00e8r d\u00e9ta\u00efy\u00e9 toute bann ressourse lav\u00e9 dessi lo t\u00e9ritoir, kissoi po lo ravita\u00efyman, kissoi po la lojistik la gu\u00e8r, la-niabou f\u00e9 r\u00e8ste vivan ban konbatan. La cent\u00e8ne bann nom-la i forme po toudbon in j\u00e9ografi fizik, moral, spirit\u00fc\u00e8l lo roiyom. \u00c7a la-ans\u00e8rve po toute bann groupe dif\u00e9ran dessi pl\u00fczi\u00e8r j\u00e9n\u00e9rasyon.<\/p>\n<p>Nor\u00e9 ankor po trouve koman banna t\u00e9 i f\u00e9 po la transmission : lav\u00e9 in langaj kod\u00e9 ? Lav\u00e9 kashi\u00e8te sekr\u00e9 rienk po bann gran sh\u00e8f inissi\u00e9 ?<br \/>\nLo gran maronaj la pankor di toute \u00e7ak l\u00fc n\u00e9na po di.<\/p>\n<h3>Po fini<\/h3>\n<p>Lo gran maronaj l\u00e9 in sap\u00e8r r\u00e9ponse bann bononm, bann fanm l\u00e9t\u00e9 shass\u00e9 konm jibi\u00e9. Bann <em>chasseurs de Noirs<\/em> t\u00e9 i ram\u00e8ne la min droite koup\u00e9 konm in trof\u00e9. T\u00e9 i kloute \u00e7a dessi in pi\u00e9dboi dann mili\u00eb la grann plasse p\u00fcblik la ville.<\/p>\n<p>Po konbate lo sist\u00e8m \u00e9sklavajist lil Bourbon, bann marone, bann maron la-invante in takon strat\u00e9ji po \u00e9ss\u00e8ye survive. Konm zot t\u00e9 i gaingne pa sove par la m\u00e8r, zot la-aranje in landroi dann k\u00ebr d\u2019lil ou\u00e7a zot i gaingne vive lib lontan : lo roiyom lint\u00e8ri\u00ebr. Roiyom-la la-d\u00e9vlope f\u00fcram\u00e9zir lariv\u00e9 bann dif\u00e9ran group z\u00e9sklav t\u00e9 i sorte dann toute bann r\u00e9jion Madagaskar, d\u00e9foi ossi Lil de Franse.<br \/>\nM\u00e8m si zot t\u00e9 i doi vive en kashi\u00e8te, m\u00e8m si zot t\u00e9 i doi pa marke tro zot lanvironman, bann maron la-invante bann t\u00e9knik po travaye la t\u00e8r, po kons\u00e8rve bann ressourse. Jordi ankor, i pour\u00e9 ans\u00e8rve zot bann tik-tak po pr\u00e9z\u00e8rve la nat\u00fcr, po in d\u00e9vlopman \u00e9kolojik.<\/p>\n<p>Anpl\u00fcs zot kouraj, la volont\u00e9 bann z\u00e9sklav la-m\u00e8te dann zot bata\u00efy po la libert\u00e9, jordi n\u2019i p\u00eb komanse voir toute bann rish\u00e8sse mat\u00e8ri\u00e8l, imat\u00e8ri\u00e8l bann gran maron la-l\u00e8sse an-l\u00e9ritaj po nou. N\u00e9na ankor bonp\u00e9 d\u2019shoz po d\u00e9kouv\u00e8r.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":13938,"parent":8666,"menu_order":0,"template":"","class_list":["post-13937","documentaire","type-documentaire","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.portail-esclavage-reunion.fr\/re\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/documentaire\/13937","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.portail-esclavage-reunion.fr\/re\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/documentaire"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.portail-esclavage-reunion.fr\/re\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/documentaire"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.portail-esclavage-reunion.fr\/re\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.portail-esclavage-reunion.fr\/re\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/documentaire\/8666"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.portail-esclavage-reunion.fr\/re\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/13938"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.portail-esclavage-reunion.fr\/re\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=13937"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}